1: A2M alpha-2-macroglobulin[Homo sapiens]
Gene ID: 2, updated on 6-Oct-2024
SUMMARY
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Official Symbol: A2M (provided by HGNC)
Official full name: alpha-2-macroglobulin (provided by HGNC)
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:7
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000175899; MIM:103950; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: A2MD; CPAMD5; FWP007; S863-7
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a protease inhibitor and cytokine
transporter. It uses a bait-and-trap mechanism to inhibit a broad spectrum of
proteases, including trypsin, thrombin and collagenase. It can also inhibit
inflammatory cytokines, and it thus disrupts inflammatory cascades. Mutations in
this gene are a cause of alpha-2-macroglobulin deficiency. This gene is
implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its ability to mediate the
clearance and degradation of A-beta, the major component of beta-amyloid
deposits. A related pseudogene, which is also located on the p arm of chromosome
12, has been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2016]
Orthologsall (/gene/?Term=ortholog_gene_2[group])
GENOMIC CONTEXT
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Location: 12p13.31
Annotation release Status Assembly Chromosome Location
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RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (9067708..9116229, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (9049893..9098416, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (9220304..9268825, complement)
Exont count: 37
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Related Articles in PubMed
1. Alpha-2 macroglobulin in Alzheimer's disease: a marker of neuronal injury through
the RCAN1 pathway. Varma VR, . Mol Psychiatry, 2017 Jan, PMID 27872486., Free PMC Article(s): PMC5726508
2. No evidence of association between the alpha-2 macroglobulin gene and Parkinson's
disease in a case-control sample. Nicoletti G, . Neurosci Lett, 2002 Aug 2, PMID
12123860.
3. Alpha 2-macroglobulin enhances prothrombin activation and thrombin potential by
inhibiting the anticoagulant protein C/protein S system in cord and adult plasma.
Cvirn G, . Thromb Res, 2002 Mar 1, PMID 12062545.
4. Proteome profiles of HDL particles of patients with chronic heart failure are
associated with immune response and also include bacteria proteins. Oberbach A, .
Clin Chim Acta, 2016 Jan 30, PMID 26688386.
5. A panel of glycoproteins as candidate biomarkers for early diagnosis and
treatment evaluation of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cavalcante Mde S, .
Biomark Res, 2016, PMID 26823978., Free PMC Article(s): PMC4730630
6. Combined biomarkers discriminate a low likelihood of bacterial infection among
surgical intensive care unit patients with suspected sepsis. Kelly BJ, . Diagn
Microbiol Infect Dis, 2016 May, PMID 26971636., Free PMC Article(s): PMC4841711
PHENOTYPES
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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gap/PheGenI?chr=12&from=9116228&fromto=9116228+9067707&tab=0
VARIATION
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See variants in ClinVar, //130.14.22.106/gene/clinvar/?term=A2M[gene]
See studies and variants in dbVar, //130.14.22.106/gene
See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13), //130.14.22.106/gene/variation/view/?q=2[geneid]&assm=GCF_000001405.25
See Variation Viewer (GRCh38), //130.14.22.106/gene/variation/view/?q=2[geneid]
Genotypes
See SNP Geneview Report, http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2FSNP%2Fsnp_ref.cgi%3FlocusId%3D2
See 1000 Genomes Browser (GCF_000001405.25), http://130.14.22.106/gene/variation/tools/1000genomes/?q=2[geneid]&assm=GCF_000001405.25
HIV-1 INTERACTIONS
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Protein interactions
Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
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/protein/19172954 /gene/155971 A synthetic peptide corresponding to the immunosuppressive domain (amino acids 574-592) of HIV-1 gp41 downregulates the expression of alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) in peptide-treated PBMCs 23383108
/protein/9629358 /gene/155871 Binding of HIV-1 Tat to LRP inhibits neuronal binding, uptake and degradation of physiological ligands for LRP, including alpha2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein E4, amyloid precursor and amyloid beta-protein 11100124
/protein/25121906 /gene/155348 The cleavage site of alpha 2-Macroglobulin by HIV-1 protease is the Phe684-Tyr685 bond 7690356,7524416,1724156
Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database: //130.14.22.106/genome/viruses/retroviruses/hiv-1/interactions/
INTERACTION
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Description of Gene Interaction table
Product Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs
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P01023 Q9H013 ADAM19 HPRD PMID: 11162584
P01023 Q9UHI8 ADAMTS1 HPRD PMID: 10373500
P01023 P02760 AMBP HPRD PMID: 7533162,7519849,1697852
P01023 P08133 ANXA6 HPRD PMID: 15226301
P01023 P02649 APOE HPRD PMID: 9831625
P01023 Activating transcription factor 7 interacting protein ATF7IP HPRD PMID: 15231748
P01023 P61769 B2M HPRD PMID: 10731476
P01023 O00193 C11orf58 HPRD PMID: 16169070
P01023 Q9UNI1 CELA1 HPRD PMID: 6191979,6153632,80233
P01023 P07858 CTSB HPRD PMID: 2476070
P01023 P14091 CTSE HPRD PMID: 12631277
P01023 P11021 HSPA5 HPRD PMID: 12194978
P01023 P22301 IL10 HPRD PMID: 10714547
P01023 P01584 IL1B HPRD PMID: 9714181,2466831
P01023 P20151 KLK2 HPRD PMID: 9428387
P01023 P07288 KLK3 HPRD PMID: 8583572
P01023 P04180 LCAT HPRD PMID: 11435418
P01023 P41159 LEP HPRD PMID: 9724081
P01023 Q07954 LRP1 HPRD PMID: 12194978,10652313
P01023 P61626 LYZ HPRD PMID: 2467766
P01023 P08253 MMP2 HPRD PMID: 9344465
P01023 Q99972 MYOC HPRD PMID: 16289162
P01023 P01138 NGF HPRD PMID: 10681572
P01023 P09466 PAEP HPRD PMID: 11023837
P01023 P04085 PDGFA HPRD PMID: 10681572
P01023 P01127 PDGFB HPRD PMID: 10681572
P01023 P04278 SHBG HPRD PMID: 15862967
P01023 Q15582 TGFBI HPRD PMID: 10681572
An unspecified isoform of STAT3 binds APRE.
Z11711.1 STAT3 BIND PMID: 15950906
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106524 A2M BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106863 ABCC6 BioGRID PMID: 29704455
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106575 ACTB BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:114888 ADAMTS1 BioGRID PMID: 10373500
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:118041 AGO2 BioGRID PMID: 25681748
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:115805 AGPAT1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106690 AGT BioGRID PMID: 37343697
Co-fractionation
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:120237 ALKBH5 BioGRID PMID: 35831314
Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106757 AMBP BioGRID PMID: 7519849,1697852
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:119959 ANLN BioGRID PMID: 36526897
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106807 ANXA7 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:115364 AP1M2 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106832 APOA1 BioGRID PMID: 37343697
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106845 APOE BioGRID PMID: 21163940,9831625
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106848 APP BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106966 ATP1A1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107044 B2M BioGRID PMID: 10731476
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107123 BMP7 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109227 BRF1 BioGRID PMID: 30413534
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116144 C11orf58 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107635 CCR1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116312 CDC37 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107433 CDC42 BioGRID PMID: 18624398
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:609064 CDK11A BioGRID PMID: 23602568
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:115555 CDK2AP2 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107457 CDK7 BioGRID PMID: 23602568
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107460 CDKN1A BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107506 CFTR BioGRID PMID: 26618866,17110338
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:114916 CIR1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107572 CKB BioGRID PMID: 34349018
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107603 CLU BioGRID PMID: 37343697
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107753 CPB2 BioGRID PMID: 8662763
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:120427 CRTAC1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116736 CUL9 BioGRID PMID: 31343991
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107938 CYP2C18 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:107936 CYP2C8 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109569 DNAJB1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116255 DUSP14 BioGRID PMID: 28675297
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:119446 ECSIT BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:119343 EGFL7 BioGRID PMID: 28514442
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:123336 EGFL8 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:125184 EGLN2 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108310 ELAVL3 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108340 ENO2 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:130045 EOGT BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:125449 EVI5L BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:119220 EXOSC1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108474 FANCD2 BioGRID PMID: 31180492
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108487 FARSA BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:120200 FBXL12 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:117654 FBXO6 BioGRID PMID: 22268729
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112364 FBXW4 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108535 FGB BioGRID PMID: 37343697
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:119230 FIS1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:120362 FKBP14 BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108585 FOXC1 BioGRID PMID: 34551306
Proximity Label-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108597 FOXO1 BioGRID PMID: 36964488
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:122816 GALNT12 BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108909 GCDH BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:129776 GDPD1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442,26186194
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108937 GEM BioGRID PMID: 18624398
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108964 GJA1 BioGRID PMID: 35391932
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:125148 GNG8 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109142 GRB2 BioGRID PMID: 18624398
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109268 H2AX BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113943 H2BC4 BioGRID PMID: 34349018
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109270 H2BC5 BioGRID PMID: 34349018
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113955 H4C1 BioGRID PMID: 34349018
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:126950 HAPLN3 BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109319 HDLBP BioGRID PMID: 36244648
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:128490 HIPK1 BioGRID PMID: 23602568
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109406 HMOX2 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109552 HSP90AA1 BioGRID PMID: 31273033
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109541 HSPA5 BioGRID PMID: 12194978
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109544 HSPA8 BioGRID PMID: 32687490
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109548 HSPB2 BioGRID PMID: 26465331
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109660 IFIT3 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:117289 IFIT5 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109701 IGF1R BioGRID PMID: 35384245
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:125011 IGSF8 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Co-localization; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109800 IL10 BioGRID PMID: 25241761,10714547
Co-localization
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109769 IL1B BioGRID PMID: 25241761
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:109779 IL4 BioGRID PMID: 10714547
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:126772 ITLN2 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:122506 KCTD15 BioGRID PMID: 29665387
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110016 KLK1 BioGRID PMID: 3643793
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111636 KLK10 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:117538 KLK13 BioGRID PMID: 14687906
Affinity Capture-Western; Co-localization
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106850 KLK3 BioGRID PMID: 25241761,1702714
Synthetic Lethality
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110043 KRAS BioGRID PMID: 19490893
Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110123 LCAT BioGRID PMID: 11435418
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110143 LEP BioGRID PMID: 9724081
Protein-RNA
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:1528023 LINC02582 BioGRID PMID: 31601781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:114762 LONP1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110200 LOXL1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Co-crystal Structure
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110215 LRP1 BioGRID PMID: 10652313
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111583 MAPK6 BioGRID PMID: 23602568
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116632 MAST1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110317 MATN2 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:118849 MED4 BioGRID PMID: 25281560
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:122477 METRN BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:129788 METRNL BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:122113 MLST8 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Co-localization; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110457 MMP2 BioGRID PMID: 25241761,9344465
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:122168 MTMR14 BioGRID PMID: 28675297
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110736 MYOC BioGRID PMID: 16289162
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116768 NCDN BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Proximity Label-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110772 NDN BioGRID PMID: 32529326
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110869 NGF BioGRID PMID: 10681572
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110909 NOS3 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116237 NUDT21 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:201764 Ngf BioGRID PMID: 7686585
Co-fractionation
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:110996 OAT BioGRID PMID: 35831314
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:115948 OGA BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:122708 OR2A4 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:114575 P2RX6 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Co-purification; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111084 PAEP BioGRID PMID: 11023837
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116625 PAXIP1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111164 PDE2A BioGRID PMID: 33087821
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111173 PDE6D BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:122085 PDF BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111185 PDGFRB BioGRID PMID: 35384245
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:108233 PHC1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:119318 PHF11 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:122376 PINK1 BioGRID PMID: 31300519
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:121300 POGLUT1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111513 PPP2R2B BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:124006 PRADC1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:123894 PRAM1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112860 PRDX2 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111770 PTX3 BioGRID PMID: 28514442
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111796 PZP BioGRID PMID: 33961781,28514442
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111802 RAB3A BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111823 RAD23A BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Co-fractionation
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:117321 RAD54B BioGRID PMID: 35831314
Affinity Capture-MS; Proximity Label-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111831 RAF1 BioGRID PMID: 38496616,36244648
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111843 RAP1B BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111897 RECQL BioGRID PMID: 28186131
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:121192 RETN BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:123968 RHBDD1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:111941 RHEB BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:119319 RLIM BioGRID PMID: 37132043
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:126622 RNF32 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116283 RPP14 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116997 RYBP BioGRID PMID: 34316702
Affinity Capture-MS; Proximity Label-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:4383848 S BioGRID PMID: 38777146,37059927
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:115892 SCGB1D1 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:116788 SEPTIN8 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:125645 SFXN4 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112359 SHBG BioGRID PMID: 15862967
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS)
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:106790 SLC25A6 BioGRID PMID: 34349018
Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112423 SLC6A4 BioGRID PMID: 7686585
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112490 SMN1 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112540 SOX2 BioGRID PMID: 34732716
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:119257 SSUH2 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:121614 STAMBPL1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:120346 STX17 BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:125954 SWSAP1 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112869 TEK BioGRID PMID: 35384245
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112908 TGIF1 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112910 TGM2 BioGRID PMID: 21988832
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:112938 TK1 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:114298 TNFRSF14 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Co-fractionation
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:115352 TOM1L1 BioGRID PMID: 35831314
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:114181 TP63 BioGRID PMID: 20085233
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:125945 TRAPPC5 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:125596 TRIM6 BioGRID PMID: 31992359
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113900 TRRAP BioGRID PMID: 35906200
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:114374 TSC22D1 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113127 TTR BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:115651 TUBA1B BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113152 TYRO3 BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113176 UBE2H BioGRID PMID: 38113892
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:127156 UBE2U BioGRID PMID: 33961781
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:120451 UBR7 BioGRID PMID: 29511261
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113200 UFD1 BioGRID PMID: 21900206
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113218 UMPS BioGRID PMID: 21163940
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:121651 USP36 BioGRID PMID: 36912080
Two-hybrid
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:120525 USP40 BioGRID PMID: 35605301
Co-fractionation
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:113253 VAV2 BioGRID PMID: 35831314
Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:106524 BioGRID:120139 ZRANB1 BioGRID PMID: 35944360
GENERAL GENE INFO
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Marker
RH11157 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:46849
SGC33440 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:54816
G59851 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:137000
SGC31674 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:40245
D12S1395E (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:147540
GDB:181517 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:155252
RH46356 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:75646
D12S1160E (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:151442
G44356 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:95143
RH1601 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:25036
RH70338 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:31955
PMC311069P4 (e-PCR) Links:UniSTS:272885
Related pseudogene(s)
1 foundReview record(s) in Gene, //130.14.22.106/gene/?Term=related_functional_gene_2%5Bgroup%5D
Clone Names
DKFZp779B086
Homology
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline (/gene/?Term=ortholog_gene_2[group]):
Orthologs
Gene Ontology Provided by GOA (www.ebi.ac.uk/GOA)
Function GO ID Evidence
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
enables brain-derived neurotrophic facto... GO:0000000 -
enables calcium-dependent protein bindin... GO:0000000 PMID: 15226301
enables endopeptidase inhibitor activity GO:0000000 -
enables endopeptidase inhibitor activity GO:0000000 PMID: 7679575
enables enzyme binding GO:0000000 PMID: 11435418
enables growth factor binding GO:0000000 PMID: 9398211
enables identical protein binding GO:0000000 -
enables interleukin-1 binding GO:0000000 PMID: 9714181
enables interleukin-8 binding GO:0000000 PMID: 10880251
enables nerve growth factor binding GO:0000000 -
enables protease binding GO:0000000 -
enables protease binding GO:0000000 PMID: 7679575,18485748
enables protein binding GO:0000000 PMID: 6698368,14687906,32814053
enables serine-type endopeptidase inhibi... GO:0000000 PMID: 12538697
enables signaling receptor binding GO:0000000 PMID: 15226301
enables tumor necrosis factor binding GO:0000000 PMID: 9714181
Processs GO ID Evidence
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
involved_in acute inflammatory response ... GO:0000000 -
involved_in acute-phase response GO:0000000 -
involved_in embryonic liver development GO:0000000 -
involved_in luteinization GO:0000000 -
involved_in negative regulation of compl... GO:0000000 PMID: 12538697
involved_in negative regulation of pepti... GO:0000000 -
involved_in response to carbon dioxide GO:0000000 -
involved_in response to glucocorticoid GO:0000000 -
involved_in response to nutrient GO:0000000 -
involved_in response to prostaglandin E GO:0000000 -
involved_in stem cell differentiation GO:0000000 -
Component GO ID Evidence
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
located_in blood microparticle GO:0000000 PMID: 22516433
colocalizes_with collagen-containing ext... GO:0000000 PMID: 28327460
located_in collagen-containing extracell... GO:0000000 PMID: 25037231,28675934
located_in extracellular exosome GO:0000000 PMID: 20458337,21362503,23533145
located_in extracellular region GO:0000000 PMID: 14718574
located_in extracellular region GO:0000000 -
is_active_in extracellular space GO:0000000 -
located_in platelet alpha granule lumen GO:0000000 -
GENERAL PROTEIN INFORMATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Preferred Names
alpha-2-macroglobulin
Names
C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 5
alpha-2-M
NCBI REFERENCE SEQUENCES (RefSeq)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes
These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds.
These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle,
so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build.
Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to
the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products section above.
Genomic
NG_011717.2 RefSeqGene
Range 5043..53254
Download GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
mRNA and Protein(s)
NM_000014.6 → NP_000005.3 REVIEWEDalpha-2-macroglobulin isoform a precursor
Description: Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes th...
Source sequence(s): AC007436
Consensus CDS: CCDS44827.1
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: P01023
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q13677
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q59F47
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q5QTS0
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q68DN2
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q6PIY3
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q6PN97
Related Ensembl: ENSP00000323929.8, ENST00000318602.12
Conserved Domains (7)summary
cd02897:
Location:958 - 1264
A2M_2; Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnanc...
pfam00207:
Location:738 - 828
A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
pfam01835:
Location:129 - 221
A2M_N; MG2 domain
pfam07677:
Location:1376 - 1463
A2M_recep; A-macroglobulin receptor
pfam07703:
Location:459 - 607
A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region
pfam17789:
Location:350 - 445
MG4; Macroglobulin domain MG4
pfam17791:
Location:223 - 313
MG3; Macroglobulin domain MG3
NM_001347423.2 → NP_001334352.2 REVIEWEDalpha-2-macroglobulin isoform a precursor
Description: Transcript Variant: This variant (2) splices ou...
Source sequence(s): AC007436
Consensus CDS: CCDS44827.1
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: P01023
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q13677
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q59F47
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q5QTS0
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q68DN2
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q6PIY3
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q6PN97
Conserved Domains (7)summary
cd02897:
Location:958 - 1264
A2M_2; Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnanc...
pfam00207:
Location:738 - 828
A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
pfam01835:
Location:129 - 221
A2M_N; MG2 domain
pfam07677:
Location:1376 - 1463
A2M_recep; A-macroglobulin receptor
pfam07703:
Location:459 - 607
A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region
pfam17789:
Location:350 - 445
MG4; Macroglobulin domain MG4
pfam17791:
Location:223 - 313
MG3; Macroglobulin domain MG3
NM_001347424.2 → NP_001334353.2 REVIEWEDalpha-2-macroglobulin isoform b
Description: Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains a...
Source sequence(s): AC007436
Conserved Domains (7)summary
cd02897:
Location:858 - 1164
A2M_2; Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnanc...
pfam00207:
Location:638 - 728
A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
pfam07677:
Location:1276 - 1363
A2M_recep; A-macroglobulin receptor
pfam17789:
Location:250 - 345
MG4; Macroglobulin domain MG4
pfam17791:
Location:123 - 210
MG3; Macroglobulin domain MG3
pfam01835:
Location:29 - 121
A2M_N; MG2 domain
pfam07703:
Location:359 - 507
A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region
NM_001347425.2 → NP_001334354.2 REVIEWEDalpha-2-macroglobulin isoform c
Description: Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an e...
Source sequence(s): AC007436
Conserved Domains (7)summary
cd02897:
Location:808 - 1114
A2M_2; Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnanc...
pfam00207:
Location:588 - 678
A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
pfam07677:
Location:1226 - 1313
A2M_recep; A-macroglobulin receptor
pfam17789:
Location:200 - 295
MG4; Macroglobulin domain MG4
pfam17791:
Location:73 - 160
MG3; Macroglobulin domain MG3
pfam01835:
Location:1 - 71
A2M_N; MG2 domain
pfam07703:
Location:309 - 457
A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region
RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08
The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build.
This section includes genomic Reference Sequences (RefSeqs) from all assemblies on which
this gene is annotated, such as RefSeqs for chromosomes and scaffolds (contigs) from both
reference and alternate assemblies. Model RNAs and proteins are also reported here.
Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly
Genomic
NC_000012.12
Range 9067707..9116228, complement
Download GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
mRNA and Protein(s)
XM_006719056.4 → XP_006719119.1 alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform X1
Conserved Domains (7)summary
COG2373:
Location:124 - 1071
YfaS; Uncharacterized conserved protein YfaS, alpha-2-macroglobulin family [General function predict...
cd02897:
Location:958 - 1264
A2M_2; Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnanc...
pfam00207:
Location:738 - 828
A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
pfam01835:
Location:129 - 221
A2M_N; MG2 domain
pfam07677:
Location:1376 - 1463
A2M_recep; A-macroglobulin receptor
pfam07678:
Location:1010 - 1266
A2M_comp; A-macroglobulin complement component
pfam07703:
Location:461 - 606
A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal regionAlternate T2T-CHM13v2.0
Genomic
NC_060936.1
Range 9049892..9098415, complement
Download GenBank FASTA Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
mRNA and Protein(s)
XM_054371391.1 → XP_054227366.1 alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform X1
RELATED SEQUENCES
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nucleotide Protein
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
genomic AC007436.1(30685..79207) None
genomic AF349032.1 AAK38109.1
genomic AF349033.1 AAK38110.1
genomic CH471116.2 EAW88590.1
genomic CP068266.2(9049893..9098416) None
genomic HF547954.1 CCO13665.1
genomic MT894014.1 QUD18289.1
genomic MT894015.1 QUD18290.1
genomic MT894016.1 QUD18291.1
genomic MT894017.1 QUD18292.1
genomic MT894018.1 QUD18293.1
genomic MT894019.1 QUD18294.1
genomic MT894020.1 QUD18295.1
genomic MT894021.1 QUD18296.1
genomic MT894022.1 QUD18297.1
genomic MT894023.1 QUD18298.1
genomic MT894024.1 QUD18299.1
genomic MT894025.1 QUD18300.1
genomic MT894026.1 QUD18301.1
genomic MT894027.1 QUD18302.1
genomic MT894028.1 QUD18303.1
genomic MT894029.1 QUD18304.1
genomic MT894030.1 QUD18305.1
genomic MT894031.1 QUD18306.1
genomic MT894032.1 QUD18307.1
genomic MT894033.1 QUD18308.1
genomic MT894034.1 QUD18309.1
genomic MT894035.1 QUD18310.1
genomic MT894036.1 QUD18311.1
genomic MT894037.1 QUD18312.1
genomic MT894038.1 QUD18313.1
genomic MT894039.1 QUD18314.1
genomic MT894040.1 QUD18315.1
genomic MT894041.1 QUD18316.1
genomic MT894042.1 QUD18317.1
genomic X68728.1 CAA48670.1
genomic X68729.1 None
genomic Z11711.1 CAA77774.1
mRNA AB209614.2 BAD92851.1
mRNA AK307832.1 None
mRNA AK312482.1 None
mRNA AY591530.1 AAT02228.1
mRNA BC026246.1 AAH26246.1
mRNA BC040071.1 AAH40071.1
mRNA BX504041.1 None
mRNA BX647329.1 None
mRNA BX648622.1 None
mRNA CR749334.1 CAH18188.1
mRNA DB288732.1 None
mRNA DC334781.1 None
mRNA DC402196.1 None
mRNA M11313.1 AAA51551.1
mRNA M36501.1 AAA51552.1
Protein Accession Links
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
P01023.3 GenPept(/protein/308153640) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P01023
GENE LINKOUT
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following LinkOut(www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/linkout/index.html) resources
are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for
maintaining the links.
Other Literature Sources
(Free resource) (free) Dryad Digital Repository
Dryad Digital Repository
Chemical Information
(Free resource) (free) Interologous Interaction Database
Interologous Interaction Database
(Order form) MilliporeSigma
A2m productsA2m products
Molecular Biology Databases
(Free resource) (free) Bgee database
A2M gene expressionA2M gene expression
(Free resource) (free) BioGPS
BioGPS
(Free resource) (free) BioGRID Open Repository of CRISPR Screens (ORCS)
BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (20 hits/1270 screens)BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (20 hits/1270 screens)
(Free resource) (free) Eukaryotic Promoter Database
A2M_1A2M_1
(Free resource) (free) GenAge Database of Aging Related Genes
GenAge Database of Aging Related Genes
(Free resource) (free) GlyGen glycoinformatics resource
GlyGen glycoinformatics resource
(Free resource) (Free registration required) (free) Human Gene Mutation Database
Human Gene Mutation Database
(Free resource) (free) Human eFP Browser
Human eFP BrowserHuman eFP BrowserHuman eFP Browser
Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
(Free resource) (free) InnateDB
InnateDB
(Free resource) (free) InterMine
InterMine
(Free resource) (free) Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(Free resource) (free) LSDB from Gene
A2M databaseA2M database
(Free resource) (free) OMA Browser: Orthologous MAtrix
OMA Browser: Orthologous MAtrix
(Free resource) (free) OrthoDB catalog of orthologs
OrthologsOrthologs
(Free resource) (free) Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base
Annotated Pharmacogenomic Information for A2M [PharmGKB]Annotated Pharmacogenomic Information for A2M [PharmGKB]
(Free resource) (free) PhosphoSitePlus
PhosphoSitePlus® - comprehensive post-translational modification resourcePhosphoSitePlus® - comprehensive post-translational modification resource
(Free resource) (free) The Weizmann Institute of Science GeneCards and MalaCards databases
GeneCard for A2MGeneCard for A2M
Research Materials
(Order form) Addgene Non-profit plasmid repository
Get Plasmids - AddgeneGet Plasmids - Addgene
(Order form) Bio-Techne
alpha 2-Macroglobulin Proteinsalpha 2-Macroglobulin Proteinsalpha 2-Macroglobulin ELISA Kitsalpha 2-Macroglobulin ELISA Kitsalpha 2-Macroglobulin Antibodiesalpha 2-Macroglobulin Antibodies
ExactAntigen/Labome
reagentsreagentsreagent reviewreagent review
(Order form) GenScript latest version of gene cDNA ORF Clone
GenScript latest version of gene cDNA ORF Clone
(Order form) GeneCopoeia Inc.
Order TALEN/CRISPR clonesOrder TALEN/CRISPR clonesOrder miRNA target clonesOrder miRNA target clonesOrder full-length ORF cloneOrder full-length ORF clone
(Order form) GeneTex Inc
Find Quality AntibodiesFind Quality AntibodiesFind Recombinant Proteins and PeptidesFind Recombinant Proteins and Peptides
(Order form) Kazusa DNA Research Institute
Kazusa DNA Research Institute
(Order form) OriGene
Order A2m cDNA clone/Protein/Antibody/RNAiOrder A2m cDNA clone/Protein/Antibody/RNAi
Tools
(Free resource) (free) GeneMANIA
GeneMANIA