PMID- 10024549
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990312
LR  - 20200724
IS  - 0019-9567 (Print)
IS  - 1098-5522 (Electronic)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Linking)
VI  - 67
IP  - 3
DP  - 1999 Mar
TI  - Transcutaneous immunization with bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxins as antigens 
      and adjuvants.
PG  - 1100-6
AB  - Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a new technique that uses the application of 
      vaccine antigens in a solution on the skin to induce potent antibody responses 
      without systemic or local toxicity. We have previously shown that cholera toxin 
      (CT), a potent adjuvant for oral and nasal immunization, can induce both serum 
      and mucosal immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA and protect against toxin-mediated 
      mucosal disease when administered by the transcutaneous route. Additionally, CT 
      acts as an adjuvant for coadministered antigens such as tetanus and diphtheria 
      toxoids when applied to the skin. CT, a member of the bacterial ADP-ribosylating 
      exotoxin (bARE) family, is most potent as an adjuvant when the A-B subunits are 
      present and functional. We now show that TCI induces secondary antibody responses 
      to coadministered antigens as well as to CT in response to boosting 
      immunizations. IgG antibodies to coadministered antigens were also found in the 
      stools and lung washes of immunized mice, suggesting that TCI may target mucosal 
      pathogens. Mice immunized by the transcutaneous route with tetanus fragment C and 
      CT developed anti-tetanus toxoid antibodies and were protected against systemic 
      tetanus toxin challenge. We also show that bAREs, similarly organized as A-B 
      subunits, as well as the B subunit of CT alone, induced antibody responses to 
      themselves when given via TCI. Thus, TCI appears to induce potent, protective 
      immune responses to both systemic and mucosal challenge and offers significant 
      potential practical advantages for vaccine delivery.
FAU - Glenn, G M
AU  - Glenn GM
AD  - Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 
      Washington, D.C. 20307-5100, USA. gglenn@iomai.com
FAU - Scharton-Kersten, T
AU  - Scharton-Kersten T
FAU - Vassell, R
AU  - Vassell R
FAU - Matyas, G R
AU  - Matyas GR
FAU - Alving, C R
AU  - Alving CR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Infect Immun
JT  - Infection and immunity
JID - 0246127
RN  - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (Bacterial Vaccines)
RN  - 0 (Tetanus Toxin)
RN  - 9012-63-9 (Cholera Toxin)
RN  - EC 2.4.2.- (ADP Ribose Transferases)
SB  - IM
MH  - ADP Ribose Transferases/*administration & dosage/immunology
MH  - Adjuvants, Immunologic/*administration & dosage
MH  - Administration, Cutaneous
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Bacterial/blood
MH  - Antigens, Bacterial/*administration & dosage
MH  - Bacterial Vaccines/*administration & dosage
MH  - Cholera Toxin/*administration & dosage/immunology
MH  - Immunization
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Tetanus Toxin/immunology
PMC - PMC96435
EDAT- 1999/02/20 00:00
MHDA- 1999/02/20 00:01
PMCR- 1999/03/01
CRDT- 1999/02/20 00:00
PHST- 1999/02/20 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/02/20 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/02/20 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1999/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1167 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/IAI.67.3.1100-1106.1999 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Infect Immun. 1999 Mar;67(3):1100-6. doi: 10.1128/IAI.67.3.1100-1106.1999.