PMID- 10073688
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990325
LR  - 20200217
IS  - 0022-1317 (Print)
IS  - 0022-1317 (Linking)
VI  - 80 ( Pt 2)
DP  - 1999 Feb
TI  - Entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine 
      alveolar macrophages via receptor-mediated endocytosis.
PG  - 297-305
LID - 10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-297 [doi]
AB  - Porcine alveolar macrophages (AMphi) are the dominant cell type that supports the 
      replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in 
      vivo and in vitro. In order to determine the characteristics of the 
      virus-receptor interaction, the attachment of PRRSV to cells was examined by 
      using biotinylated virus in a series of flow cytometric assays. PRRSV bound 
      specifically to AMphi in a dose-dependent manner. Binding of PRRSV to AMphi 
      increased gradually and reached a maximum within 60 min at 4 degrees C. By 
      confocal microscopy, it was shown that different degrees of PRRSV binding exist 
      and that entry is by endocytosis. Virus uptake in vesicles is a 
      clathrin-dependent process, as it was blocked by the addition of cytochalasin D 
      and co-localization of PRRSV and clathrin was found. Furthermore, by the use of 
      two weak bases, NH4Cl and chloroquine, it was demonstrated that PRRSV uses a low 
      pH-dependent entry pathway. In the presence of these reagents, input virions 
      accumulated in large vacuoles, indicating that uncoating was prevented. These 
      results indicate that PRRSV entry into AMphi involves attachment to a specific 
      virus receptor(s) followed by a process of endocytosis, by which virions are 
      taken into the cell within vesicles by a clathrin-dependent pathway. A subsequent 
      drop in pH is required for proper virus replication.
FAU - Nauwynck, H J
AU  - Nauwynck HJ
FAU - Duan, X
AU  - Duan X
FAU - Favoreel, H W
AU  - Favoreel HW
FAU - Van Oostveldt, P
AU  - Van Oostveldt P
FAU - Pensaert, M B
AU  - Pensaert MB
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J Gen Virol
JT  - The Journal of general virology
JID - 0077340
RN  - 0 (Clathrin)
RN  - 0 (Fluorescent Dyes)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Virus)
RN  - 22144-77-0 (Cytochalasin D)
RN  - I223NX31W9 (Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Clathrin/physiology
MH  - Cytochalasin D/pharmacology
MH  - Endocytosis/*physiology
MH  - Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
MH  - Fluorescent Dyes
MH  - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Macrophages, Alveolar/drug effects/*virology
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/etiology/virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/drug 
      effects/*pathogenicity/*physiology
MH  - Receptors, Virus/*physiology
MH  - Swine
MH  - Virulence
MH  - Virus Replication/drug effects
EDAT- 1999/03/12 00:00
MHDA- 1999/03/12 00:01
CRDT- 1999/03/12 00:00
PHST- 1999/03/12 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/03/12 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/03/12 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-297 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Gen Virol. 1999 Feb;80 ( Pt 2):297-305. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-80-2-297.