PMID- 10094166
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990429
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 1027-3719 (Print)
IS  - 1027-3719 (Linking)
VI  - 3
IP  - 1
DP  - 1999 Jan
TI  - Tuberculin reactivity in a pediatric population with high BCG vaccination 
      coverage.
PG  - 23-30
AB  - SETTING: The tuberculin skin test (TST) is often included in diagnostic 
      algorithms for tuberculosis (TB) in children. TST interpretation, however, may be 
      complicated by prior Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination. We assessed the 
      prevalence of and risk factors for positive TST reactions in children 3 to 60 
      months of age in Botswana, a country with high TB rates and BCG coverage of over 
      90%. METHODS: A multi-stage cluster survey was conducted in one rural and three 
      urban districts. Data collected included demographic characteristics, nutritional 
      indices, vaccination status, and prior TB exposure. Mantoux TSTs were 
      administered and induration measured at 48-72 hours. RESULTS: Of 821 children 
      identified, 783 had TSTs placed and read. Of the 759 children with vaccination 
      cards, 755 (99.5%) had received BCG vaccine. Seventy-nine per cent of children 
      had 0 mm induration, 7% had > or =10 mm induration ('positive' TST), and 2% had > 
      or =15 mm. A positive TST was associated with reported contact with any person 
      with active TB (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-3.6), or a 
      mother (OR 5.1; 95% CI 2.1-12.4) or aunt (OR 5.3; 95% CI 2.0-14.0) with active 
      TB. TSTs > or =5 mm (but not > or =10 mm) were associated with presence of a BCG 
      scar. Positive reactions were not associated with age, time since BCG 
      vaccination, clinical signs or symptoms of TB, nutritional status, crowding, or 
      recent measles or polio immunization. CONCLUSION: The TST remains useful in 
      identifying children with tuberculous infection in this setting of high TB 
      prevalence and extensive BCG coverage.
FAU - Lockman, S
AU  - Lockman S
AD  - Division of TB Elimination, National Centers for HIV/AIDS, STD and TB Prevention, 
      Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
FAU - Tappero, J W
AU  - Tappero JW
FAU - Kenyon, T A
AU  - Kenyon TA
FAU - Rumisha, D
AU  - Rumisha D
FAU - Huebner, R E
AU  - Huebner RE
FAU - Binkin, N J
AU  - Binkin NJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - France
TA  - Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
JT  - The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal 
      of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
JID - 9706389
RN  - 0 (BCG Vaccine)
SB  - IM
MH  - *BCG Vaccine
MH  - Botswana/epidemiology
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - *Tuberculin Test
MH  - Tuberculosis/*diagnosis/epidemiology/prevention & control
EDAT- 1999/03/27 00:00
MHDA- 1999/03/27 00:01
CRDT- 1999/03/27 00:00
PHST- 1999/03/27 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/03/27 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/03/27 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1999 Jan;3(1):23-30.