PMID- 10099872
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990706
LR  - 20191103
IS  - 0967-3849 (Print)
IS  - 0967-3849 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 8
DP  - 1998 Dec
TI  - Conformation of replicated segments of chromosome fibres in human S-phase 
      nucleus.
PG  - 595-602
AB  - Recent statistical analysis of the folding of G0/G1 chromosomes using 
      fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) allowed development of a random 
      walk/giant loop model of chromosome structure. According to this model there are 
      two levels of organization of G0/G1 chromosome fibres. On the first level, the 
      fibres are arranged in giant loops several Mbp in size, and within each loop the 
      fibres are randomly folded. On the second level, the loop attachment sites form a 
      chromosome backbone that also shows random folding. Newly replicated segments of 
      mammalian chromosomes may be directly visualized at high resolution in S-phase 
      nuclei using immunofluorescent methods and appear as worm-like fibres. In our 
      earlier study, we analysed conformation of the fibres in human cells blocked for 
      16 h at the G1/S boundary with 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FdU) and then released into 
      S-phase by the addition of a DNA precursor. However, long treatment of cells with 
      FdU induces very short replicons and may promote apoptosis. In this study we 
      analysed conformation of the fibres in normally proliferating human cells that 
      had not been blocked with FdU for a long time. It has been found that replicated 
      chromosome fibres visualized just after 2 h of incubation of the cells with a 
      non-radioactively labelled DNA precursor behave as flexible polymer chains 
      without major constraints, and that their local conformation in the range of 
      several microns of their contour length may be considered as random. Confocal 
      analysis of human X chromosomes visualized in HeLa cells using FISH with a 
      specific painting probe shows that in S-phase the chromosomes occupy distinct 
      nuclear territories and their apparent size does not differ from that in 
      non-S-phase cells. This observation indicates that the second level of chromosome 
      organization also exists in S-phase chromosomes. It appears, therefore, that the 
      random walk/giant loop model developed earlier for G0/G1 chromosomes is also 
      valid for S-phase chromosomes.
FAU - Solovjeva, L
AU  - Solovjeva L
AD  - Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia.
FAU - Svetlova, M
AU  - Svetlova M
FAU - Stein, G
AU  - Stein G
FAU - Chagin, V
AU  - Chagin V
FAU - Rozanov, Y
AU  - Rozanov Y
FAU - Zannis-Hadjopoulos, M
AU  - Zannis-Hadjopoulos M
FAU - Price, G
AU  - Price G
FAU - Tomilin, N
AU  - Tomilin N
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Chromosome Res
JT  - Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular 
      and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology
JID - 9313452
RN  - 0 (Chromatin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cell Nucleus/chemistry
MH  - Chromatin/chemistry
MH  - Chromosomes, Human/*chemistry/ultrastructure
MH  - *DNA Replication
MH  - Female
MH  - HeLa Cells
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Nucleic Acid Conformation
MH  - Protein Conformation
MH  - *S Phase
MH  - Tumor Cells, Cultured
MH  - X Chromosome/*chemistry/ultrastructure
EDAT- 1999/04/01 00:00
MHDA- 1999/04/01 00:01
CRDT- 1999/04/01 00:00
PHST- 1999/04/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/04/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/04/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1023/a:1009293108736 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chromosome Res. 1998 Dec;6(8):595-602. doi: 10.1023/a:1009293108736.