PMID- 10198144
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990504
LR  - 20191103
IS  - 1066-7814 (Print)
IS  - 1066-7814 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 2
DP  - 1999 Apr
TI  - Dehydration, rehydration, and exercise in the heat: rehydration strategies for 
      athletic competition.
PG  - 188-200
AB  - Exercise capacity and exercise performance are reduced when the ambient 
      temperature is high. This has mainly been attributed to the large sweat losses 
      which lead to hypohydration, a failure of thermoregulation, and eventually 
      circulatory collapse. Exercising athletes rarely drink enough before or during 
      exercise to replace the ongoing fluid losses, especially in hot conditions. In 
      order to combat dehydration, hyperthermia, and impending circulatory collapse, 
      athletes should drink fluids before, during, and after exercise. Preexercise 
      strategies include attempts to maintain euhydration but also to hyperhydrate. 
      Hyperhydration is relatively easy to achieve, but thermoregulatory benefits 
      during prolonged exercise have not been observed in comparison to euhydration. In 
      prolonged continuous exercise, fluid and carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion has clearly 
      been shown to improve performance, but the evidence is not so clear for 
      high-intensity intermittent exercise over a prolonged period. The general 
      consensus is that fluid ingestion should match sweat losses during exercise and 
      that the drink should contain CHO and electrolytes to assist water transport in 
      the intestine and to improve palatability. Postexercise rehydration is essential 
      when the strategies adopted before or during exercise have not been effective. 
      The best postexercise rehydration strategy would be to ingest a large volume of a 
      beverage that contains a CHO source and a high sodium content.
FAU - Galloway, S D
AU  - Galloway SD
AD  - Department of Sports Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA Scotland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Can J Appl Physiol
JT  - Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie 
      appliquee
JID - 9306274
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Electrolytes)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 9NEZ333N27 (Sodium)
SB  - IM
MH  - Beverages
MH  - Body Temperature Regulation
MH  - Dehydration/etiology/*physiopathology/prevention & control/therapy
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage
MH  - Drinking
MH  - Electrolytes/administration & dosage
MH  - Exercise Tolerance/physiology
MH  - Fever/etiology/prevention & control
MH  - *Fluid Therapy
MH  - Hot Temperature/*adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intestinal Absorption/physiology
MH  - Shock/etiology
MH  - Sodium/administration & dosage
MH  - Sports/*physiology
MH  - Sweat/metabolism
MH  - Water/metabolism
RF  - 56
EDAT- 1999/04/10 00:00
MHDA- 1999/04/10 00:01
CRDT- 1999/04/10 00:00
PHST- 1999/04/10 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/04/10 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/04/10 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1139/h99-016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Can J Appl Physiol. 1999 Apr;24(2):188-200. doi: 10.1139/h99-016.