PMID- 10232052
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990521
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 0083-6729 (Print)
IS  - 0083-6729 (Linking)
VI  - 57
DP  - 1999
TI  - 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
PG  - 249-324
AB  - In mammalian tissues, at least two isozymes of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid 
      dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD) catalyze the interconversion of hormonally active 
      C11-hydroxylated corticosteroids (cortisol, corticosterone) and their inactive 
      C11-keto metabolites (cortisone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone). The type 1 and type 2 
      11 beta-HSD isozymes share only 14% homology and are separate gene products with 
      different physiological roles, regulation, and tissue distribution. 11 beta-HSD2 
      is a high affinity NAD-dependent dehydrogenase that protects the 
      mineralocorticoid receptor from glucocorticoid excess; mutations in the HSD11B2 
      gene explain an inherited form of hypertension, the syndrome of apparent 
      mineralocorticoid excess in which cortisol acts as a potent mineralocorticoid. By 
      contrast, 11 beta-HSD1 acts predominantly as a reductase in vivo, facilitating 
      glucocorticoid hormone action in key target tissues such as liver and adipose 
      tissue. Over the 10 years, 11 beta-HSD has progressed from an enzyme merely 
      involved in the peripheral metabolism of cortisol to a crucial pre-receptor 
      signaling pathway in the analysis of corticosteroid hormone action. This review 
      details the enzymology, molecular biology, distribution, regulation, and function 
      of the 11 beta-HSD isozymes and highlights the clinical consequences of altered 
      enzyme expression.
FAU - Stewart, P M
AU  - Stewart PM
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 
      United Kingdom.
FAU - Krozowski, Z S
AU  - Krozowski ZS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Vitam Horm
JT  - Vitamins and hormones
JID - 0413601
RN  - 0 (Adrenal Cortex Hormones)
RN  - 0 (Isoenzymes)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Steroid)
RN  - EC 1.1.- (Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases)
RN  - EC 1.1.1.146 (11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases)
SB  - IM
MH  - 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases
MH  - Adrenal Cortex Hormones/metabolism/physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/genetics/physiology
MH  - Isoenzymes/genetics
MH  - Mutation
MH  - Receptors, Steroid/physiology
MH  - Tissue Distribution
RF  - 388
EDAT- 1999/05/08 00:00
MHDA- 1999/05/08 00:01
CRDT- 1999/05/08 00:00
PHST- 1999/05/08 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/05/08 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/05/08 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vitam Horm. 1999;57:249-324.