PMID- 10333429
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990621
LR  - 20071114
IS  - 0275-2565 (Print)
IS  - 0275-2565 (Linking)
VI  - 48
IP  - 2
DP  - 1999
TI  - Comparing measures of travel distances in primates: methodological considerations 
      and socioecological implications.
PG  - 87-98
AB  - Travel costs can influence numerous aspects of the lives of primates, including 
      net energy balance (and therefore reproductive success of females) and maximum 
      group size. Despite their potential impact, there has been no systematic 
      comparison of different measures of travel distance. We compared three measures 
      of travel distance in 30 min (actual distance of individuals, straight-line 
      distance of individuals, and straight-line distance of groups) and their ratios 
      in a small group and a large group of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) and 
      between the large group of vervets and a group of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus 
      patas) of roughly similar size. The large group of vervets traveled farther than 
      the small group regardless of the measure used, but the ratios of the different 
      measures were not significantly different between those groups. Patas monkeys 
      traveled significantly farther than the large group of vervets regardless of the 
      measure used. In both vervets and patas, straight-line distances of individuals 
      (ISLD) and groups (GSLD) underestimated actual distances traveled by individuals 
      (IAD), but the degree to which they did so differed between species. IAD is more 
      accurate than the other two measures and is preferred for studies of energetics 
      and individual reproductive success, although ISLD or GSLD may be substituted 
      when the ratios of IAD/ISLD or IAD/GSLD do not differ between groups or species. 
      The ratio of IAD/ISLD was larger in vervets than in patas, suggesting that 
      individual vervets meander more over short periods of time than patas. The ratio 
      of ISLD/GSLD was larger in patas than in vervets, suggesting that patas move at 
      angles or across the group's center-of-mass whereas vervets move more 
      consistently along with others in their group. This has implications for the 
      formation of spatial subgroups and alliances within groups.
FAU - Isbell, L A
AU  - Isbell LA
AD  - Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
FAU - Pruetz, J D
AU  - Pruetz JD
FAU - Nzuma, B M
AU  - Nzuma BM
FAU - Young, T P
AU  - Young TP
LA  - eng
GR  - RR00169/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Primatol
JT  - American journal of primatology
JID - 8108949
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cercopithecus/*physiology
MH  - *Energy Metabolism
MH  - Erythrocebus/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Locomotion
MH  - Male
MH  - Reproduction
EDAT- 1999/05/20 06:00
MHDA- 2000/08/12 11:00
CRDT- 1999/05/20 06:00
PHST- 1999/05/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/08/12 11:00 [medline]
PHST- 1999/05/20 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2345(1999)48:2<87::AID-AJP1>3.0.CO;2-G [pii]
AID - 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2345(1999)48:2<87::AID-AJP1>3.0.CO;2-G [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Primatol. 1999;48(2):87-98. doi: 
      10.1002/(SICI)1098-2345(1999)48:2<87::AID-AJP1>3.0.CO;2-G.