PMID- 10334486
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000201
LR  - 20190812
IS  - 0001-6322 (Print)
IS  - 0001-6322 (Linking)
VI  - 97
IP  - 5
DP  - 1999 May
TI  - Is traumatic axonal injury (AI) associated with an early microglial activation? 
      Application of a double-labeling technique for simultaneous detection of 
      microglia and AI.
PG  - 491-4
AB  - The aim of the present study was to determine whether axonal injury (AI) induces 
      a microglial reaction within 15 days after brain trauma. In 40 selected cases of 
      confirmed AI, the topographical relation of AI and microglial reaction was 
      assessed using an immunohistochemical double-labeling technique for simultaneous 
      demonstration of AI using beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) antibody and 
      of microglia using CD68 antibody. Although traumatic injury was usually followed 
      by a moderate early diffuse rise in the number of CD68-reactive cells in the 
      white matter, increases in macrophages in areas of AI accumulation were only 
      sporadic and did not occur until after 4 days. At survival intervals of 5-15 days 
      a moderate microglial reaction in regions of beta-APP-positive injured axons was 
      detected, at maximum, in half of the case material. During this interval 
      AI-associated satellitosis-like clusters or stars described by other authors 
      after a survival time of more than 7 weeks were an isolated phenomenon. The 
      prolonged microglial reaction as well as the reduction of beta-APP-positive AI 
      during longer survival periods supports the hypothesis that AI is not primarily 
      chemotactically attractive and that the damage to a portion of beta-APPstained 
      axons may be partly reversible. Most cases clearly require a prolonged interval 
      of more than 15 days before initiation of the final scavenger reaction. For 
      forensic purposes the increase in the number of microglial cells within the 
      region of AI accumulation after a survival time of more than 5 days and the 
      multiple and distinct demonstration of star-like microglial reactions within the 
      white matter after survival times exceeding 7 weeks may provide valuable 
      postmortem information on the timing of a traumatic event.
FAU - Oehmichen, M
AU  - Oehmichen M
AD  - Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lubeck, Germany. 
      tychsenl@rmed-luebeck.de
FAU - Theuerkauf, I
AU  - Theuerkauf I
FAU - Meissner, C
AU  - Meissner C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Germany
TA  - Acta Neuropathol
JT  - Acta neuropathologica
JID - 0412041
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Brain/*pathology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Diffuse Axonal Injury/*pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry/*methods
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Microglia/*physiology
MH  - Middle Aged
EDAT- 1999/05/20 00:00
MHDA- 1999/05/20 00:01
CRDT- 1999/05/20 00:00
PHST- 1999/05/20 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/05/20 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/05/20 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s004010051018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Neuropathol. 1999 May;97(5):491-4. doi: 10.1007/s004010051018.