PMID- 10359515
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990617
LR  - 20190122
IS  - 0003-276X (Print)
IS  - 0003-276X (Linking)
VI  - 255
IP  - 2
DP  - 1999 Jun 1
TI  - 13-cis-Retinoic acid alters neural crest cells expressing Krox-20 and Pax-2 in 
      macaque embryos.
PG  - 142-54
AB  - This study investigates hindbrain and associated neural crest (NCC), otocyst, and 
      pharyngeal arch development in monkey embryos following teratogenic exposure to 
      13-cis-retinoic acid (cRA). cRA was orally administered (5 mg/kg) to pregnant 
      long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) between gestational days (GD) 12 and 
      27. Embryos were surgically collected at desired stages during treatment, 
      analyzed for external morphological changes, and processed for 
      immunohistochemistry. Two transiently expressed nuclear proteins, Krox-20 and 
      Pax-2, were used as markers for the target cellular and anatomical structures. 
      Rhombomere (r) expression patterns of Pax-2 (r4/r6) and Krox-20 (r3/r5) were 
      maintained after cRA treatment, but r4 and r5 were substantially reduced in size. 
      In untreated embryos, Krox-20 immunoreactive NCC derived from r5 migrated 
      caudally around the developing otocyst to contribute to the third pharyngeal arch 
      mesenchyme. In cRA-treated embryos, a subpopulation of NCC rostral to the otocyst 
      also showed Krox-20 immunoreactivity, but there was a substantial reduction in 
      Krox-20 post-otic NCC. Pax-2 immunoreactive NCC migrating from r4 to the second 
      pharyngeal arch were substantially reduced in numbers in treated embryos. 
      Alteration in the otic anlage included delayed invagination, abnormal 
      relationship with the adjacent hindbrain epithelium, and altered expression 
      boundaries for Pax-2. cRA-associated changes in the pharyngeal arch region due to 
      cRA included truncation of the distal portion of the first arch and reduction in 
      the size of the second arch. These alterations in hindbrain, neural crest, otic 
      anlage, and pharyngeal arch morphogenesis could contribute to some of the 
      craniofacial malformations in the macaque fetus associated with exposure to cRA.
FAU - Makori, N
AU  - Makori N
AD  - California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis 
      95616-8542, USA.
FAU - Peterson, P E
AU  - Peterson PE
FAU - Wei, X
AU  - Wei X
FAU - Hummler, H
AU  - Hummler H
FAU - Hendrickx, A G
AU  - Hendrickx AG
LA  - eng
GR  - RR00169/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Anat Rec
JT  - The Anatomical record
JID - 0370540
RN  - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Early Growth Response Protein 2)
RN  - 0 (PAX2 Transcription Factor)
RN  - 0 (Teratogens)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
RN  - EH28UP18IF (Isotretinoin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Branchial Region/drug effects/embryology/metabolism
MH  - Cochlea/drug effects/embryology/metabolism
MH  - DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Early Growth Response Protein 2
MH  - Embryonic and Fetal Development/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Immunoenzyme Techniques
MH  - Isotretinoin/*toxicity
MH  - Macaca mulatta
MH  - Neural Crest/*drug effects/embryology
MH  - PAX2 Transcription Factor
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Rhombencephalon/drug effects/embryology/metabolism
MH  - Teratogens/*toxicity
MH  - Transcription Factors/*metabolism
EDAT- 1999/06/08 10:00
MHDA- 2000/06/20 09:00
CRDT- 1999/06/08 10:00
PHST- 1999/06/08 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/06/20 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 1999/06/08 10:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(19990601)255:2<142::AID-AR4>3.0.CO;2-D [pii]
AID - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(19990601)255:2<142::AID-AR4>3.0.CO;2-D [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anat Rec. 1999 Jun 1;255(2):142-54. doi: 
      10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(19990601)255:2<142::AID-AR4>3.0.CO;2-D.