PMID- 10365981
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990715
LR  - 20191103
IS  - 0954-3007 (Print)
IS  - 0954-3007 (Linking)
VI  - 53 Suppl 1
DP  - 1999 Apr
TI  - De novo lipogenesis in humans: metabolic and regulatory aspects.
PG  - S53-65
AB  - The enzymatic pathway for converting dietary carbohydrate (CHO) into fat, or de 
      novo lipogenesis (DNL), is present in humans, whereas the capacity to convert 
      fats into CHO does not exist. Here, the quantitative importance of DNL in humans 
      is reviewed, focusing on the response to increased intake of dietary CHO. 
      Eucaloric replacement of dietary fat by CHO does not induce hepatic DNL to any 
      substantial degree. Similarly, addition of CHO to a mixed diet does not increase 
      hepatic DNL to quantitatively important levels, as long as CHO energy intake 
      remains less than total energy expenditure (TEE). Instead, dietary CHO replaces 
      fat in the whole-body fuel mixture, even in the post-absorptive state. Body fat 
      is thereby accrued, but the pathway of DNL is not traversed; instead, a 
      coordinated set of metabolic adaptations, including resistance of hepatic glucose 
      production to suppression by insulin, occurs that allows CHO oxidation to 
      increase and match CHO intake. Only when CHO energy intake exceeds TEE does DNL 
      in liver or adipose tissue contribute significantly to the whole-body energy 
      economy. It is concluded that DNL is not the pathway of first resort for added 
      dietary CHO, in humans. Under most dietary conditions, the two major 
      macronutrient energy sources (CHO and fat) are therefore not interconvertible 
      currencies; CHO and fat have independent, though interacting, economies and 
      independent regulation. The metabolic mechanisms and physiologic implications of 
      the functional block between CHO and fat in humans are discussed, but require 
      further investigation.
FAU - Hellerstein, M K
AU  - Hellerstein MK
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, 
      94270-3104, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Eur J Clin Nutr
JT  - European journal of clinical nutrition
JID - 8804070
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
SB  - IM
MH  - Body Composition/physiology
MH  - Calorimetry, Indirect
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*adverse effects/*metabolism
MH  - Energy Intake/*physiology
MH  - Energy Metabolism/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Gluconeogenesis
MH  - Homeostasis/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Lipid Metabolism
MH  - Lipids/*biosynthesis
MH  - Male
RF  - 83
EDAT- 1999/06/12 00:00
MHDA- 1999/06/12 00:01
CRDT- 1999/06/12 00:00
PHST- 1999/06/12 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/06/12 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/06/12 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600744 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;53 Suppl 1:S53-65. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600744.