PMID- 10389242
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990804
LR  - 20190915
IS  - 1364-5072 (Print)
IS  - 1364-5072 (Linking)
VI  - 86
IP  - 6
DP  - 1999 Jun
TI  - The role of surface physicochemical properties in determining the distribution of 
      the autochthonous microflora in mineral water bottles.
PG  - 917-27
AB  - Investigation of the distribution of the viable autochthonous microflora in three 
      brands of 1-2-month-old bottled mineral water showed that 1.8 x 10(4) (S.E.M. 8.9 
      x 10(3), n = 5) to 1.2 x 10(5) (S.E.M. 1.3 x 10(4), n = 5) cfu ml-1 were 
      planktonic cells while 11 (S.E.M. 4, n = 5)-632 (S.E.M. 176, n = 5) cfu cm-2 were 
      found in the biofilm. The biofilm represented between 0.03 and 1.79% of the total 
      viable microbial population in the 1.5 litre bottles studied. Scanning electron 
      microscopy studies showed that the cells adhering to the polyethylene 
      terephthalate (PET) bottles were predominantly rod-shaped, sparsely distributed 
      over the surface. In contrast, the cells adhering to the high density 
      polyethylene (HDPE) caps were found to be mainly clumps of coccoid cells, 
      suggesting that the bottle may provide different microhabitats for different 
      microfloras. Large-scale roughness, such as that observed as lettering inside the 
      cap (average height (z) = 93 microns) was associated with a 46-fold increase in 
      cell numbers. Increased small-scale roughness, as measured by atomic force 
      microscopy on PET and HDPE surfaces (average roughness (Ra) = 5-551 (nm), showed 
      no correlation with adhesion. Investigations of surface hydrophobicity by the 
      sessile drop technique showed that contact angles (theta) were greater on the 
      HDPE caps (theta = 89-96 degrees) than on the PET surfaces (theta = 69-80 
      degrees). However, no correlation was found between contact angle and attached 
      cell numbers. Measurements of surface electrostatic charge by streaming potential 
      showed that the PET carried an overall negative charge, measuring -15.9 to -16.6 
      mV in mineral water. No significant change in charge occurred when the monomer 
      composition of the PET was altered. It was concluded that surface roughness, in 
      particular the scale of surface topographical features, is the most important 
      physicochemical surface characteristic determining the distribution of the 
      autochthonous microflora in mineral water bottles.
FAU - Jones, C R
AU  - Jones CR
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
FAU - Adams, M R
AU  - Adams MR
FAU - Zhdan, P A
AU  - Zhdan PA
FAU - Chamberlain, A H
AU  - Chamberlain AH
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - J Appl Microbiol
JT  - Journal of applied microbiology
JID - 9706280
RN  - 0 (Mineral Waters)
RN  - 0 (Polyethylenes)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bacterial Adhesion
MH  - *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
MH  - *Biofilms
MH  - Colony Count, Microbial
MH  - *Food Packaging
MH  - Food-Processing Industry
MH  - Microscopy, Atomic Force
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
MH  - Mineral Waters/*microbiology
MH  - Polyethylenes
MH  - Static Electricity
MH  - Surface Properties
MH  - *Water Microbiology
EDAT- 1999/07/02 00:00
MHDA- 1999/07/02 00:01
CRDT- 1999/07/02 00:00
PHST- 1999/07/02 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/07/02 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/07/02 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00768.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Appl Microbiol. 1999 Jun;86(6):917-27. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00768.x.