PMID- 10430938
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990909
LR  - 20190501
IS  - 0027-8424 (Print)
IS  - 1091-6490 (Electronic)
IS  - 0027-8424 (Linking)
VI  - 96
IP  - 16
DP  - 1999 Aug 3
TI  - CpG DNA: a potent signal for growth, activation, and maturation of human 
      dendritic cells.
PG  - 9305-10
AB  - DNA molecules containing unmethylated CpG-dinucleotides in particular base 
      contexts ("CpG motifs") are excellent adjuvants in rodents, but their effects on 
      human cells have been less clear. Dendritic cells (DCs) form the link between the 
      innate and the acquired immune system and may influence the balance between T 
      helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses. We evaluated the effects of CpG 
      oligodeoxynucleotides alone or in combination with granulocyte-macrophage 
      colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) on different classes of purified human DCs. For 
      primary dendritic precursor cells isolated from human blood, CpG oligonucleotides 
      alone were superior to GMCSF in promoting survival and maturation (CD83 
      expression) as well as expression of class II MHC and the costimulatory molecules 
      CD40, CD54, and CD86 of DCs. Both CD4-positive and CD4-negative peripheral blood 
      dendritic precursor cells responded to CpG DNA which synergized with GMCSF but 
      these DCs showed little response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In contrast, 
      monocyte-derived DCs did not respond to CpG, but they were highly sensitive to 
      LPS, suggesting an inverse correlation between CpG and LPS sensitivity in 
      different subsets of DCs. Compared with GMCSF, CpG-treated peripheral blood DCs 
      showed enhanced functional activity in the mixed lymphocyte reaction and induced 
      T cells to secrete increased levels of Th1 cytokines. These findings demonstrate 
      the ability of specific CpG motifs to strongly activate certain subsets of human 
      DCs to promote Th1-like immune responses, and support the use of CpG DNA-based 
      trials for immunotherapy against cancer, allergy, and infectious diseases.
FAU - Hartmann, G
AU  - Hartmann G
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine and the University of Iowa Cancer Center, 
      University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
FAU - Weiner, G J
AU  - Weiner GJ
FAU - Krieg, A M
AU  - Krieg AM
LA  - eng
GR  - DK25295/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01CA66570/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
JT  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JID - 7505876
RN  - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic)
RN  - 0 (Antigens, CD)
RN  - 0 (Dinucleoside Phosphates)
RN  - 0 (HLA-D Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
RN  - 0 (Oligodeoxyribonucleotides)
RN  - 126547-89-5 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1)
RN  - 2382-65-2 (cytidylyl-3'-5'-guanosine)
RN  - 9007-49-2 (DNA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adjuvants, Immunologic
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antigens, CD/analysis
MH  - B-Lymphocytes/immunology
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - DNA/*immunology
MH  - DNA Methylation
MH  - Dendritic Cells/*cytology/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - Dinucleoside Phosphates/*immunology
MH  - Flow Cytometry
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Genes, MHC Class II
MH  - HLA-D Antigens/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
MH  - Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
MH  - Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
MH  - Lymphocyte Activation
MH  - Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
MH  - Mice
MH  - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/*immunology
MH  - Signal Transduction/*immunology
MH  - Th1 Cells/immunology
MH  - Th2 Cells/immunology
PMC - PMC17777
EDAT- 1999/08/04 00:00
MHDA- 1999/08/04 00:01
PMCR- 2000/02/03
CRDT- 1999/08/04 00:00
PHST- 1999/08/04 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/08/04 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/08/04 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2000/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 2280 [pii]
AID - 10.1073/pnas.96.16.9305 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 3;96(16):9305-10. doi: 
      10.1073/pnas.96.16.9305.