PMID- 10589497
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000104
LR  - 20190729
IS  - 1060-3271 (Print)
IS  - 1060-3271 (Linking)
VI  - 82
IP  - 6
DP  - 1999 Nov-Dec
TI  - Kuwait's total diet study: dietary intake of organochlorine, carbamate, 
      benzimidazole and phenylurea pesticide residues.
PG  - 1458-65
AB  - The State of Kuwait in cooperation with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration 
      (FDA) conducted a Total Diet Study (TDS) to estimate intakes of pesticide 
      residues by the population. The levels of organochlorine (OC) pesticides, 
      carbamates, benzimidazoles, and phenylureas in the TDS core list are reported 
      here. The TDS core list was established through a national food consumption 
      survey. All food items (140 for the Kuwaiti adult) were prepared as eaten and 
      analyzed for the pesticides mentioned above. The FDA's multiresidue methods in 
      Volume I of the Pesticide Analytical Manual were used in gas, liquid, and gel 
      permeation chromatographic analyses. Only vegetable and fruit samples contained 
      pesticide residues (mg/kg), including the carbamates 1-naphthol (1.4) and 
      3H-carbofuran (0.94) in carrots; the OC pesticide vinclozolin (0.47), 
      3H-carbofuran (0.66), and fenuron (0.6) in kiwi fruit; the OC pesticide 
      procymidone (0.32) and carbendazim (0.5) in grapes; 3H-carbofuran (5.0) in 
      apricots; the OC pesticides captan (0.013) and thiabendazole (0.63) in pears; 
      captan (0.035) in plums; and carbendazim (0.4) in mandarin oranges. The levels of 
      3H-carbofuran found in both apricots and kiwi fruit exceeded the maximum residue 
      limits (MRLs) of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization 
      (FAO/WHO) of the United Nations. The daily intakes of pesticides by the different 
      population groups are discussed in light of the FAO/WHO acceptable daily intakes.
FAU - Sawaya, W N
AU  - Sawaya WN
AD  - Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Biotechnology Department, Safat, 
      Kuwait.
FAU - al-Awadhi, F A
AU  - al-Awadhi FA
FAU - Saeed, T
AU  - Saeed T
FAU - al-Omair, A
AU  - al-Omair A
FAU - Ahmad, N
AU  - Ahmad N
FAU - Husain, A
AU  - Husain A
FAU - Khalafawi, S
AU  - Khalafawi S
FAU - al-Omirah, H
AU  - al-Omirah H
FAU - Dashti, B
AU  - Dashti B
FAU - al-Amiri, H
AU  - al-Amiri H
FAU - al-Saqer, J
AU  - al-Saqer J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J AOAC Int
JT  - Journal of AOAC International
JID - 9215446
RN  - 0 (Benzimidazoles)
RN  - 0 (Carbamates)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds)
SB  - IM
MH  - Benzimidazoles/*analysis
MH  - Carbamates/*analysis
MH  - Chromatography, Gas
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid
MH  - Diet
MH  - Food Analysis/*methods
MH  - Fruit/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*administration & dosage
MH  - Kuwait
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
MH  - Phenylurea Compounds/*analysis
MH  - Vegetables/chemistry
EDAT- 1999/12/10 00:00
MHDA- 1999/12/10 00:01
CRDT- 1999/12/10 00:00
PHST- 1999/12/10 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/12/10 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/12/10 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J AOAC Int. 1999 Nov-Dec;82(6):1458-65.