PMID- 10594297
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000124
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1046-199X (Print)
IS  - 1046-199X (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 4
DP  - 1999 Dec
TI  - The impact of vehicle on assessment of relative skin sensitization potency of 
      1,4-dihydroquinone in the local lymph node assay.
PG  - 213-8
AB  - BACKGROUND: The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) has been validated as an 
      alternative method for the identification of skin sensitization hazards. Contact 
      allergens are identified as a function of proliferative responses induced in 
      draining lymph nodes. The quantitative nature of the LLNA data also provides the 
      opportunity of assessing relative potency by reference to dose response analyses. 
      OBJECTIVE: In the current investigations, the influence of vehicle on the skin 
      sensitization potency of a known skin sensitizer (1,4-dihydroquinone) was 
      assessed. METHODS: 1, 4-dihydroquinone was tested in the LLNA using 7 different 
      vehicle systems in each of 2 independent laboratories. RESULTS: Results from the 
      2 laboratories were almost identical. LLNA dose response data were interpolated 
      to derive the estimated concentration (EC) of 1, 4-dihydroquinone necessary to 
      cause a three-fold stimulation of proliferation compared with controls, the EC3 
      value. The vehicles used and mean EC3 values obtained were: methyl ethyl ketone 
      0.07%, acetone 0.08%, acetone/olive oil (80/20 v/v) 0.15%, dimethyl formamide 
      0.22%, dimethyl sulfoxide 0.4%, and propylene glycol and acetone/saline (50/50 
      v/v) vehicles gave negative results. However, when tested at higher 
      concentrations, positive results were obtained in these vehicles. CONCLUSION: 
      These data reveal that the vehicle in which a chemical is encountered in the skin 
      can have a significant impact on a quantitative measure of skin sensitization 
      potency. The implication is that accurate assessment of risk to humans will 
      require an understanding of the matrix in which skin exposure is likely to occur.
FAU - Lea, L J
AU  - Lea LJ
AD  - Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre (SEAC) Toxicology Unit, Unilever 
      Research, Zeneca Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, 
      Colworth, United Kingdom.
FAU - Warbrick, E V
AU  - Warbrick EV
FAU - Dearman, R J
AU  - Dearman RJ
FAU - Kimber, I
AU  - Kimber I
FAU - Basketter, D A
AU  - Basketter DA
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Canada
TA  - Am J Contact Dermat
JT  - American journal of contact dermatitis : official journal of the American Contact 
      Dermatitis Society
JID - 9100472
RN  - 0 (1,4-dihydroquinone)
RN  - 0 (Pharmaceutical Vehicles)
RN  - 0 (Quinones)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/*diagnosis/*immunology
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Drug Interactions
MH  - Female
MH  - Immunization/*methods
MH  - Lymph Nodes/*immunology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred CBA
MH  - Pharmaceutical Vehicles/*pharmacology
MH  - *Quinones
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Skin/*drug effects/immunology
EDAT- 1999/12/14 00:00
MHDA- 1999/12/14 00:01
CRDT- 1999/12/14 00:00
PHST- 1999/12/14 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/12/14 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/12/14 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S1046199X99000305 [pii]
AID - 10.1053/AJCD01000213 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Contact Dermat. 1999 Dec;10(4):213-8. doi: 10.1053/AJCD01000213.