PMID- 10726040
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000407
LR  - 20191103
IS  - 1076-0296 (Print)
IS  - 1076-0296 (Linking)
VI  - 5 Suppl 1
DP  - 1999 Oct
TI  - Low molecular weight heparins and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
PG  - S72-5
AB  - Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and HIT thrombosis syndrome (HITTS) are 
      immune-mediated complications of clinical use of unfractionated heparin (UFH). 
      The antibody/antigen complex is composed of heparin and platelet factor 4. This 
      complex not only activates platelets but also the clotting system leading to 
      thrombin generation. This explains the thrombosing tendency of these patients, 
      and venous and arterial thromboembolisms are encountered with a morbidity and 
      mortality of about 25-37%. The incidence of HIT is about 3% when UFH is 
      administered therapeutically. The diagnosis is at this time based on clinical 
      observations, especially a sudden, unexplained drop in platelet counts without 
      other reasons. Laboratory tests can be used to confirm the clinical diagnosis, 
      but none of the available tests is 100% reliable. There is no test that will 
      predict HIT and no test that will signal the development of HITTS. Treatment 
      consists of discontinuation of UFH in any form and anticoagulation with 
      danaparoid or r-hirudin, if needed. The use of low molecular weight heparins 
      instead of UFH could largely (not totally) alleviate the problem.
FAU - Mammen, E F
AU  - Mammen EF
AD  - Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Appl Thromb Hemost
JT  - Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the 
      International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
JID - 9508125
RN  - 0 (Anticoagulants)
RN  - 0 (Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anticoagulants/*adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/*adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Thrombocytopenia/blood/*chemically induced/physiopathology
RF  - 28
EDAT- 2000/03/22 00:00
MHDA- 2000/03/22 00:01
CRDT- 2000/03/22 00:00
PHST- 2000/03/22 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/03/22 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2000/03/22 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1177/10760296990050s113 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 1999 Oct;5 Suppl 1:S72-5. doi: 
      10.1177/10760296990050s113.