PMID- 10877804
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000907
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 0099-2240 (Print)
IS  - 1098-5336 (Electronic)
IS  - 0099-2240 (Linking)
VI  - 66
IP  - 7
DP  - 2000 Jul
TI  - Culturability and In situ abundance of pelagic bacteria from the North Sea.
PG  - 3044-51
AB  - The culturability of abundant members of the domain Bacteria in North Sea 
      bacterioplankton was investigated by a combination of various cultivation 
      strategies and cultivation-independent 16S rRNA-based techniques. We retrieved 
      16S rRNA gene (rDNA) clones from environmental DNAs and determined the in situ 
      abundance of different groups and genera by fluorescence in situ hybridization 
      (FISH). A culture collection of 145 strains was established by plating on 
      oligotrophic medium. Isolates were screened by FISH, amplified ribosomal DNA 
      restriction analysis (ARDRA), and sequencing of representative 16S rDNAs. The 
      majority of isolates were members of the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Alteromonas, 
      and Vibrio. Despite being readily culturable, they constituted only a minor 
      fraction of the bacterioplankton community. They were not detected in the 16S 
      rDNA library, and FISH indicated rare (<1% of total cell counts) occurrence as 
      large, rRNA-rich, particle-associated bacteria. Conversely, abundant members of 
      the Cytophaga-Flavobacteria and gamma proteobacterial SAR86 clusters, identified 
      by FISH as 17 to 30% and up to 10% of total cells in the North Sea 
      bacterioplankton, respectively, were cultured rarely or not at all. Whereas 
      SAR86-affiliated clones dominated the 16S rDNA library (44 of 53 clones), no 
      clone affiliated to the Cytophaga-Flavobacterum cluster was retrieved. The only 
      readily culturable abundant group of marine bacteria was related to the genus 
      Roseobacter. The group made up 10% of the total cells in the summer, and the 
      corresponding sequences were also present in our clone library. Rarefaction 
      analysis of the ARDRA patterns of all of the isolates suggested that the total 
      culturable diversity by our method was high and still not covered by the numbers 
      of isolated strains but was almost saturated for the gamma proteobacteria. This 
      predicts a limit to the isolation of unculturable marine bacteria, particularly 
      the gamma-proteobacterial SAR86 cluster, as long as no new techniques for 
      isolation are available and thus contrasts with more optimistic accounts of the 
      culturability of marine bacterioplankton.
FAU - Eilers, H
AU  - Eilers H
AD  - Max-Planck-Institut fur marine Mikrobiologie, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
FAU - Pernthaler, J
AU  - Pernthaler J
FAU - Glockner, F O
AU  - Glockner FO
FAU - Amann, R
AU  - Amann R
LA  - eng
SI  - GENBANK/AF172840
SI  - GENBANK/AF173962
SI  - GENBANK/AF173963
SI  - GENBANK/AF173964
SI  - GENBANK/AF173965
SI  - GENBANK/AF173966
SI  - GENBANK/AF173967
SI  - GENBANK/AF173968
SI  - GENBANK/AF173969
SI  - GENBANK/AF173970
SI  - GENBANK/AF173971
SI  - GENBANK/AF173972
SI  - GENBANK/AF173973
SI  - GENBANK/AF173974
SI  - GENBANK/AF173975
SI  - GENBANK/AF173976
SI  - GENBANK/AF235107
SI  - GENBANK/AF235108
SI  - GENBANK/AF235109
SI  - GENBANK/AF235110
SI  - GENBANK/AF235111
SI  - GENBANK/AF235112
SI  - GENBANK/AF235113
SI  - GENBANK/AF235114
SI  - GENBANK/AF235115
SI  - GENBANK/AF235116
SI  - GENBANK/AF235117
SI  - GENBANK/AF235118
SI  - GENBANK/AF235119
SI  - GENBANK/AF235120
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Appl Environ Microbiol
JT  - Applied and environmental microbiology
JID - 7605801
RN  - 0 (Culture Media)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Ribosomal)
RN  - 0 (Oligonucleotide Probes)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacteria/classification/genetics/*growth & development
MH  - Cloning, Molecular
MH  - Culture Media
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/analysis/genetics
MH  - DNA, Ribosomal/analysis/genetics
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - North Sea
MH  - Oligonucleotide Probes
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Plankton/*microbiology
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
MH  - Restriction Mapping
MH  - Seawater/*microbiology
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
PMC - PMC92109
EDAT- 2000/07/06 11:00
MHDA- 2000/09/09 11:01
PMCR- 2000/07/01
CRDT- 2000/07/06 11:00
PHST- 2000/07/06 11:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/09/09 11:01 [medline]
PHST- 2000/07/06 11:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2000/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 0388 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/AEM.66.7.3044-3051.2000 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Jul;66(7):3044-51. doi: 
      10.1128/AEM.66.7.3044-3051.2000.