PMID- 11011218
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20001107
LR  - 20051116
IS  - 1262-3636 (Print)
IS  - 1262-3636 (Linking)
VI  - 26
IP  - 4
DP  - 2000 Sep
TI  - Post-prandial hyperglycemia. post-prandial hyperglycemia and diabetes.
PG  - 265-72
AB  - Post-prandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) is an independent risk factor for the 
      development of macrovascular complications. It is now recognized that normalizing 
      post-prandial blood glucose is more difficult than normalizing fasting glucose. 
      Many factors affect the post-prandial blood glucose excursion. The glycemic index 
      of the meal depends on the nature of the ingested food and starch composition. 
      Gastric emptying is influenced by various factors including gut hormones such as 
      GIP and GLP1, which potentiate insulin secretion, especially in its acute first 
      phase, now referred to as an incretin effect. They also modulate glucagon 
      secretion. Post-prandial hyperglycemia is limited by uptake of glucose by the 
      liver and by inhibition of endogenous glucose production in this organ. In 
      healthy controls, hepatic glucose production is halved after a meal, whereas in 
      glucose-intolerant individuals and type 2 diabetics this inhibition is impaired 
      (20-30% versus 50%). The persistence of endogenous glucose production during the 
      post-prandial phase appears to be the main culprit in the PPHG. This reduced 
      decrease in endogenous glucose in glucose intolerant and type 2 diabetic patients 
      depends not only on the first acute phase of insulin secretion, but above all on 
      the non-suppressed glucagon level during the post-prandial phase. Glucagon levels 
      fall in healthy control subjects during the post-prandial phase. Although 
      peripheral glucose uptake by insulin-dependent tissues is altered in type 2 
      diabetic patients, it does not appear to be the major cause of the PPHG as there 
      are patients with insulin resistance but without post-prandial hyperglycemia.
FAU - Gin, H
AU  - Gin H
AD  - Service de Nutrition-Diabetologie, Hopital Haut Leveque Avenue de Magellan 33604 
      Pessac Cedex France.
FAU - Rigalleau, V
AU  - Rigalleau V
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - France
TA  - Diabetes Metab
JT  - Diabetes & metabolism
JID - 9607599
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Gastrointestinal Hormones)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Glucose/*metabolism
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus/blood/*physiopathology
MH  - Diabetic Angiopathies/epidemiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Gastrointestinal Hormones/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperglycemia/*physiopathology
MH  - Postprandial Period/*physiology
MH  - Risk Factors
RF  - 73
EDAT- 2000/09/30 11:00
MHDA- 2001/02/28 10:01
CRDT- 2000/09/30 11:00
PHST- 2000/09/30 11:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/02/28 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2000/09/30 11:00 [entrez]
AID - MDOI-DM-09-2000-26-4-1262-3036-101019-ART2 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Metab. 2000 Sep;26(4):265-72.