PMID- 11180945
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010510
LR  - 20071114
IS  - 0003-2697 (Print)
IS  - 0003-2697 (Linking)
VI  - 290
IP  - 1
DP  - 2001 Mar 1
TI  - Relationship of melanin degradation products to actual melanin content: 
      application to human hair.
PG  - 116-25
AB  - Methods not only for characterizing but also for quantitating melanin subtypes 
      from the two types of melanin found in hair--eumelanin and pheomelanin--have been 
      established. In relation to testing for drugs of abuse in hair, these methods 
      will allow for correction of drug binding to specific melanin subtypes and will 
      serve to improve drug measurement in hair. 5,6-Dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 
      5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) make up the majority of the 
      eumelanin polymer while benzothiazene units derived from 2-cysteinyl-S-Dopa 
      (2-CysDopa) and 5-cysteinyl-S-Dopa (5-CysDopa) compose the majority of the 
      pheomelanin polymer. Our results show that: (1) pyrrole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid 
      (PDCA) and pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA), markers for DHI and DHICA 
      units, respectively, are produced in 0.37 and 4.8% yields, respectively, when 
      melanins are subjected to alkaline hydrogen peroxide degradation, (2) 
      3-aminotyrosine (3AT) and 4-amino-3-hydroxyphenylalanine (AHP), markers for 
      2-CysDopa and 5-CysDopa, respectively, are produced in 16 and 23% yield, 
      respectively, when subjected to hydriodic acid hydrolysis, and (3) that black 
      human hair contains approximately 99% eumelanin and 1% pheomelanin, brown and 
      blond hair contain 95% eumelanin and 5% pheomelanin; and red hair contains 67% 
      eumelanin and 33% pheomelanin. These data will allow deeper investigation into 
      the relationship between melanin composition and drug incorporation into hair.
FAU - Borges, C R
AU  - Borges CR
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 
      Utah 84112, USA. cborges@deans.pharm.utah.edu
FAU - Roberts, J C
AU  - Roberts JC
FAU - Wilkins, D G
AU  - Wilkins DG
FAU - Rollins, D E
AU  - Rollins DE
LA  - eng
GR  - DA07820/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Anal Biochem
JT  - Analytical biochemistry
JID - 0370535
RN  - 0 (Melanins)
RN  - 0 (pheomelanin)
RN  - 12627-86-0 (eumelanin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid
MH  - Hair/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrolysis
MH  - Melanins/*analysis/metabolism
EDAT- 2001/02/22 11:00
MHDA- 2001/05/22 10:01
CRDT- 2001/02/22 11:00
PHST- 2001/02/22 11:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/05/22 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/02/22 11:00 [entrez]
AID - S0003-2697(00)94976-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1006/abio.2000.4976 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anal Biochem. 2001 Mar 1;290(1):116-25. doi: 10.1006/abio.2000.4976.