PMID- 11333138
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010802
LR  - 20071115
IS  - 0268-960X (Print)
IS  - 0268-960X (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 1
DP  - 2001 Mar
TI  - The detection and significance of chromosomal abnormalities in childhood acute 
      lymphoblastic leukaemia.
PG  - 49-59
AB  - In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), cytogenetics plays an essential 
      role in diagnosis and prediction of outcome. Conventional cytogenetic analysis, 
      complemented by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), is highly effective in 
      the accurate detection of chromosomal abnormalities. For the precise 
      identification of specific genetic changes, molecular techniques may be applied. 
      Chromosomal changes in ALL may be of structural or numerical type. A large number 
      of established structural chromosomal rearrangements have now been described for 
      which the genetic alterations and effect on prognosis are well known. These 
      include t(9;22)(q34;q11) and BCR/ABL, rearrangements of 11q23 involving MLL, 
      t(12;21)(p13;q22) with the ETV6/AML1 fusion, t(1;19)(q23;p13) with E2A/PBX1, 
      t(8;14)(q24;q32) and the immunoglobulin genes. Genetic changes associated with T 
      ALL are also known, although their effect on outcome is less pronounced. Rare 
      chromosomal abnormalities are continually being discovered in small patient 
      subgroups leading to the identification of new ALL associated genetic changes. 
      Alterations in chromosome number have a strong impact on outcome in childhood 
      ALL. The association of a high hyperdiploid karyotype (51-65 chromosomes) with a 
      good prognosis has been known for more than 20 years. Conversely, the loss of 
      chromosomes in the near-haploid group (23-28 chromosomes) indicates a poor 
      outcome. New methods of cancer classification involving gene expression profiling 
      may eventually supercede cytogenetic analysis in the diagnosis and prediction of 
      outcome in leukaemia. It is more likely that they will be used in a complementary 
      approach alongside cytogenetic, FISH and molecular analysis to guide patient 
      management in childhood ALL.
CI  - Copyright 2001 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.
FAU - Harrison, C J
AU  - Harrison CJ
AD  - Leukaemia Research Fund/UK Cancer Cytogenetics Group Karyotype Database in Acute 
      Lymphoblastic Leukaemia, Department of Haematology, Royal Free and University 
      College School of Medicine, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK. cjh@rfc.ucl.ac.uk
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Blood Rev
JT  - Blood reviews
JID - 8708558
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Chromosome Aberrations
MH  - *Chromosome Disorders
MH  - Cytogenetic Analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/epidemiology/genetics
MH  - Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/epidemiology/*genetics
RF  - 117
EDAT- 2001/05/03 10:00
MHDA- 2001/08/03 10:01
CRDT- 2001/05/03 10:00
PHST- 2001/05/03 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/08/03 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/05/03 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0268-960X(01)90150-X [pii]
AID - 10.1054/blre.2001.0150 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Blood Rev. 2001 Mar;15(1):49-59. doi: 10.1054/blre.2001.0150.