PMID- 11346493
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010621
LR  - 20190901
IS  - 0278-6915 (Print)
IS  - 0278-6915 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 6
DP  - 2001 Jun
TI  - Skin sensitisation, vehicle effects and the local lymph node assay.
PG  - 621-7
AB  - Accurate risk assessment in allergic contact dermatitis is dependent on the 
      successful prospective identification of chemicals which possess the ability to 
      behave as skin sensitisers, followed by appropriate measurement of the relative 
      ability to cause sensitisation; their potency. Tools for hazard identification 
      have been available for many years; more recently, a novel approach to the 
      quantitative assessment of potency--the derivation of EC3 values in the local 
      lymph node assay (LLNA)--has been described. It must be recognised, however, that 
      these evaluations of chemical sensitisers also may be affected by the vehicle 
      matrix in which skin exposure occurs. In this article, our knowledge of this area 
      is reviewed and potential mechanisms through which vehicle effects may occur are 
      detailed. Using the LLNA as an example, it is demonstrated that the vehicle may 
      have little impact on the accuracy of basic hazard identification; the data also 
      therefore support the view that testing ingredients in specific product 
      formulations is not warranted for hazard identification purposes. However, the 
      effect on potency estimations is of greater significance. Although not all 
      chemical allergens are affected similarly, for certain substances a greater than 
      10-fold vehicle-dependent change in potency is observed. Such data are vital for 
      accurate risk assessment. Unfortunately, it does not at present appear possible 
      to predict notionally the effect of the vehicle matrix on skin sensitising 
      potency without recourse to direct testing, for example by estimation of LLNA EC3 
      data, which provides a valuable tool for this purpose.
FAU - Basketter, D A
AU  - Basketter DA
AD  - SEAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, 
      Bedford, UK. david.basketter@unilever.com
FAU - Gerberick, G F
AU  - Gerberick GF
FAU - Kimber, I
AU  - Kimber I
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Food Chem Toxicol
JT  - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British 
      Industrial Biological Research Association
JID - 8207483
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 0 (Hazardous Substances)
RN  - 0 (Pharmaceutical Vehicles)
SB  - IM
MH  - Allergens/*toxicity
MH  - Biological Assay/methods
MH  - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/*diagnosis/etiology
MH  - Hazardous Substances/toxicity
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lymph Nodes/*drug effects
MH  - Pharmaceutical Vehicles/*pharmacology
MH  - Risk Assessment
RF  - 48
EDAT- 2001/05/11 10:00
MHDA- 2001/06/22 10:01
CRDT- 2001/05/11 10:00
PHST- 2001/05/11 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/06/22 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/05/11 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0278691500001691 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0278-6915(00)00169-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Chem Toxicol. 2001 Jun;39(6):621-7. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(00)00169-1.