PMID- 11355661
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20011011
LR  - 20170214
IS  - 0300-9858 (Print)
IS  - 0300-9858 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 3
DP  - 2001 May
TI  - Pathogenesis of two strains of lion (Panthera leo) morbillivirus in ferrets 
      (Mustela putorius furo).
PG  - 311-6
AB  - Canine distemper virus (CDV) was previously considered to have a host range 
      restricted to the canid family. In 1994, the virus was associated with sporadic 
      outbreaks of distemper in captive felids. However, after severe mortality 
      occurred in the Serengeti lions (Panthera leo), attention became focused on the 
      pathogenesis of the virus and a concerted effort was made to identify the virus 
      as CDV or a closely related feline morbillivirus. The present study was designed 
      to explore the susceptibility of ferrets to challenge with two morbilliviruses 
      isolated from lions and the protective effects of a modified-live mink distemper 
      vaccine. Because mortality in ferrets infected with pathogenic CDV approaches 
      100%, the ferret was selected as a test animal. Two strains of lion morbillivirus 
      were used as a challenge, A92-27/20 (California lion isolate) and A94-11/13 
      (Serengeti lion isolate). The two strains of lion morbillivirus were 
      antigenically related to CDV (Rockborn strain), and ferrets were susceptible to 
      both of the viruses when inoculated intraperitoneally. The inoculated ferrets 
      were anorectic at 5-6 days postinoculation (PI), exhibited oculonasal discharge 
      at 9-12 days PI, and became moribund at 12-22 days PI. Severe bilateral 
      conjunctivitis was the typical clinical sign. Inclusion bodies characteristic of 
      morbillivirus (eosinophilic, intranuclear, and intracytoplasmic) were distributed 
      in many epithelial cells, including those of the skin, conjunctiva, gallbladder, 
      liver, pancreas, stomach, trachea, lung, urinary bladder, and kidney. Virus was 
      reisolated from selected lung tissues collected at necropsy and identified by 
      CDV-specific immunofluorescence. Ferrets vaccinated with the mink distemper 
      vaccine (Onderstepoort strain) were protected from challenge with the two lion 
      strains, adding further support to the premise that the viruses are closely 
      related to CDV.
FAU - Evermann, J F
AU  - Evermann JF
AD  - Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Washington State University, Pullman 99165-0734, USA. jfe@vetmed.wsu.edu
FAU - Leathers, C W
AU  - Leathers CW
FAU - Gorham, J R
AU  - Gorham JR
FAU - McKeirnan, A J
AU  - McKeirnan AJ
FAU - Appel, M J
AU  - Appel MJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Vet Pathol
JT  - Veterinary pathology
JID - 0312020
RN  - 0 (Viral Vaccines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral
MH  - Distemper Virus, Canine/pathogenicity
MH  - Ferrets/immunology/*virology
MH  - Fluorescent Antibody Technique/veterinary
MH  - Histocytochemistry/veterinary
MH  - Lions/*virology
MH  - Male
MH  - Morbillivirus/classification/immunology/*pathogenicity
MH  - Morbillivirus Infections/immunology/pathology/*veterinary
MH  - Vaccination/*veterinary
MH  - Viral Vaccines/immunology/standards
MH  - Viremia/veterinary
EDAT- 2001/05/18 10:00
MHDA- 2001/10/12 10:01
CRDT- 2001/05/18 10:00
PHST- 2001/05/18 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/10/12 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/05/18 10:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1354/vp.38-3-311 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Pathol. 2001 May;38(3):311-6. doi: 10.1354/vp.38-3-311.