PMID- 11356254
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010726
LR  - 20190901
IS  - 0165-2427 (Print)
IS  - 0165-2427 (Linking)
VI  - 79
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2001 May 10
TI  - Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines: in vitro PRRSV and 
      Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae co-infection model.
PG  - 115-27
AB  - An in vitro culture system was developed to investigate the induction of 
      proinflammatory cytokines by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive 
      and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). M. hyopneumoniae infected porcine 
      tracheal ring explants were co-cultured with PRRSV infected pulmonary alveolar 
      macrophages (PAMs) for 24h to assess the cytokine production of each pathogen 
      alone and the interaction between the two pathogens in vitro. Semiquantitative 
      RT-PCR was used to measure interleukin (IL) 1alpha, IL1beta, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL12 
      and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha mRNA in PAMs. Commercial ELISAs were used 
      to measure soluble IL1beta, IL8, IL10 and TNF in the culture supernatant. In the 
      dual infected group, mRNA expression of IL1alpha, IL1beta, IL8 and TNF was 
      increased. Both the M. hyopneumoniae- and PRRSV-infected only groups tended to 
      have increased expression of IL1alpha, IL1beta and IL8 mRNA, although no 
      statistical difference was observed. Increased levels of IL1beta, IL8 and IL10 
      were present in the supernatant of the dual infected group as measured by ELISA. 
      No increase in soluble TNF was observed in any of the groups. IL8 levels appeared 
      high in all groups independent of infection status. The cause of the elevated IL8 
      was unknown, however, it may have been a non-specific response by the cells to 
      tissue damage during the harvesting of the tracheal rings. Correlation between 
      mRNA expression and the soluble cytokine levels were similar in the dual infected 
      groups with the exception of IL10 and TNF. Levels of mRNA and soluble protein 
      levels in the single pathogen infected groups were not as consistent. The 
      increased production of proinflammatory cytokines IL1alpha, IL1beta, IL8 and TNF 
      in the group infected with both M. hyopneumoniae and PRRSV suggests that cytokine 
      induced inflammation may play an important role in the severe, chronic pneumonia 
      induced by the concurrent infection of the two pathogens.
FAU - Thanawongnuwech, R
AU  - Thanawongnuwech R
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn 
      University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand. ethacker@iastate.edu
FAU - Young, T F
AU  - Young TF
FAU - Thacker, B J
AU  - Thacker BJ
FAU - Thacker, E L
AU  - Thacker EL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol
JT  - Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
JID - 8002006
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-1)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-8)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10)
RN  - 187348-17-0 (Interleukin-12)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Cytokines/*biosynthesis
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary
MH  - Interleukin-1/biosynthesis
MH  - Interleukin-10/biosynthesis
MH  - Interleukin-12/biosynthesis
MH  - Interleukin-6/biosynthesis
MH  - Interleukin-8/biosynthesis
MH  - Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism/*microbiology
MH  - Mycoplasma
MH  - Mycoplasma Infections/complications/metabolism/*veterinary
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*metabolism
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
MH  - Swine
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
EDAT- 2001/05/18 10:00
MHDA- 2001/07/28 10:01
CRDT- 2001/05/18 10:00
PHST- 2001/05/18 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/07/28 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/05/18 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0165-2427(01)00243-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00243-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2001 May 10;79(1-2):115-27. doi: 
      10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00243-4.