PMID- 11408421
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010816
LR  - 20171213
IS  - 8750-7587 (Print)
IS  - 0161-7567 (Linking)
VI  - 91
IP  - 1
DP  - 2001 Jul
TI  - Effects of fat adaptation and carbohydrate restoration on prolonged endurance 
      exercise.
PG  - 115-22
AB  - We determined the effect of fat adaptation on metabolism and performance during 5 
      h of cycling in seven competitive athletes who consumed a standard carbohydrate 
      (CHO) diet for 1 day and then either a high-CHO diet (11 g. kg(-1)x day(-1) CHO, 
      1 g x kg(-1) x day(-1) fat; HCHO) or an isoenergetic high-fat diet (2.6 g x 
      kg(-1) x day(-1) CHO, 4.6 g x kg(-1) x day(-1) fat; fat-adapt) for 6 days. On day 
      8, subjects consumed a high-CHO diet and rested. On day 9, subjects consumed a 
      preexercise meal and then cycled for 4 h at 65% peak O(2) uptake, followed by a 
      1-h time trial (TT). Compared with baseline, 6 days of fat-adapt reduced 
      respiratory exchange ratio (RER) with cycling at 65% peak O(2) uptake [0.78 +/- 
      0.01 (SE) vs. 0.85 +/- 0.02; P < 0.05]. However, RER was restored by 1 day of 
      high-CHO diet, preexercise meal, and CHO ingestion (0.88 +/- 0.01; P < 0.05). RER 
      was higher after HCHO than fat-adapt (0.85 +/- 0.01, 0.89 +/- 0.01, and 0.93 +/- 
      0.01 for days 2, 8, and 9, respectively; P < 0.05). Fat oxidation during the 4-h 
      ride was greater (171 +/- 32 vs. 119 +/- 38 g; P < 0.05) and CHO oxidation lower 
      (597 +/- 41 vs. 719 +/- 46 g; P < 0.05) after fat-adapt. Power output was 11% 
      higher during the TT after fat-adapt than after HCHO (312 +/- 15 vs. 279 +/- 20 
      W; P = 0.11). In conclusion, compared with a high-CHO diet, fat oxidation during 
      exercise increased after fat-adapt and remained elevated above baseline even 
      after 1 day of a high-CHO diet and increased CHO availability. However, this 
      study failed to detect a significant benefit of fat adaptation to performance of 
      a 1-h TT undertaken after 4 h of cycling.
FAU - Carey, A L
AU  - Carey AL
AD  - Exercise Metabolism Group, Department of Human Biology and Movement Science, RMIT 
      University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
FAU - Staudacher, H M
AU  - Staudacher HM
FAU - Cummings, N K
AU  - Cummings NK
FAU - Stepto, N K
AU  - Stepto NK
FAU - Nikolopoulos, V
AU  - Nikolopoulos V
FAU - Burke, L M
AU  - Burke LM
FAU - Hawley, J A
AU  - Hawley JA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Appl Physiol (1985)
JT  - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
JID - 8502536
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
SB  - IM
CIN - J Appl Physiol (1985). 2004 Mar;96(3):1243; author reply 1243-4. PMID: 14766773
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - Adult
MH  - Bicycling
MH  - Blood/metabolism
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Compliance
MH  - Diet
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Dietary Fats/metabolism/*pharmacology
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Physical Education and Training
MH  - Physical Endurance/*drug effects
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2001/06/16 10:00
MHDA- 2001/08/17 10:01
CRDT- 2001/06/16 10:00
PHST- 2001/06/16 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/08/17 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/06/16 10:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.115 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Appl Physiol (1985). 2001 Jul;91(1):115-22. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.115.