PMID- 11417653
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20011205
LR  - 20190729
IS  - 1060-3271 (Print)
IS  - 1060-3271 (Linking)
VI  - 84
IP  - 3
DP  - 2001 May-Jun
TI  - Determination of five pesticide residues in oranges by matrix solid-phase 
      dispersion and liquid chromatography to estimate daily intake of consumers.
PG  - 901-9
AB  - Residues of benzoylphenylurea insecticides (diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron, and 
      flufenuxuron), carboxamide acaricides (hexythiazox), and carbamate insecticides 
      (benfuracarb) were determined in 150 orange fruit samples from September 1998 to 
      June 1999, to estimate exposure of the Valencian population to oranges 
      contaminated with these newly developed pesticides. The method for monitoring 
      these residues is based on matrix solid-phase dispersion and liquid 
      chromatography with UV or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass 
      spectrometry (APCI/MS) detection. Orange samples representing 11 varieties were 
      collected from an agricultural cooperative and examined for the 5 pesticides. In 
      74.6% of all analyzed samples, the pesticide residues were below detection 
      limits, which ranged from 0.002 to 0.05 mg/kg. Residues were detected in 25.4% of 
      the samples, with higher incidences of diflubenzuron, flufenuxuron, hexythiazox, 
      and benfuracarb; hexaflumuron residues were detected only occasionally. Two 
      different pesticides exceeded maximum residue limits (MRLs) in 4 (2.7%) of the 
      orange samples. Diflubenzuron surpassed 1 mg/kg MRL in 3 samples and flufenuxuron 
      exceeded the 0.3 mg/kg MRL in 3 samples. The estimated daily intake of the 5 
      pesticide residues during the period was 0.077 microg/kg body weight per day. 
      This value is much lower than the total admissible daily intake proposed by the 
      Food and Agricultural Organization and the World Health Organization.
FAU - Valenzuela, A I
AU  - Valenzuela AI
AD  - Universitat de Valencia, Laboratori, de Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmacia, 
      Burjassot, Spain.
FAU - Pico, Y
AU  - Pico Y
FAU - Font, G
AU  - Font G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - J AOAC Int
JT  - Journal of AOAC International
JID - 9215446
RN  - 0 (Benzamides)
RN  - 0 (Benzofurans)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds)
RN  - 11P2JDE17B (beta-Alanine)
RN  - 4GW50R449T (hexafluoron)
RN  - 807671FRZY (benfuracarb)
RN  - J76U6ZSI8D (Diflubenzuron)
RN  - OD068OSS0N (flufenoxuron)
SB  - IM
MH  - Benzamides/analysis
MH  - Benzofurans/analysis
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid/*methods
MH  - Citrus/*chemistry
MH  - Diflubenzuron/analysis
MH  - Food Contamination
MH  - Insecticides/analysis
MH  - Mass Spectrometry/methods
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
MH  - Phenylurea Compounds/analysis
MH  - Quality Control
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - beta-Alanine/*analogs & derivatives/analysis
EDAT- 2001/06/22 10:00
MHDA- 2002/01/05 10:01
CRDT- 2001/06/22 10:00
PHST- 2001/06/22 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/01/05 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/06/22 10:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J AOAC Int. 2001 May-Jun;84(3):901-9.