PMID- 11700245
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20011207
LR  - 20190513
IS  - 0002-9262 (Print)
IS  - 0002-9262 (Linking)
VI  - 154
IP  - 10
DP  - 2001 Nov 15
TI  - Does the sibling effect have its origin in utero? Investigating birth order, cord 
      blood immunoglobulin E concentration, and allergic sensitization at age 4 years.
PG  - 909-15
AB  - There is a great body of evidence that siblings have a protective effect against 
      atopic manifestations such as hay fever, atopic eczema, allergic sensitization, 
      or asthma. Factors that may explain this association remain largely unknown. One 
      hypothesis is that siblings promote early infections in childhood, and repeated 
      infections protect against atopic disorders. Another hypothesis, the potential in 
      utero programming, has been neglected. The authors investigated if cord blood 
      immunoglobulin E (IgE) is dependent upon birth order and if both are associated 
      with an increased incidence of allergic sensitization (skin prick test) at the 
      age of 4 years in a cohort of 981 newborns recruited between January 1989 and 
      February 1990 on the Isle of Wight, England. The authors found that IgE is 
      reduced with increasing birth order (first child: odds ratio (OR) = 1; second 
      child: OR = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57, 1.05; third child: OR = 
      0.59, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.83). Cord IgE, but not birth order, is a significant 
      predictor of skin prick test positivity at age 4 (IgE below detection limit: OR = 
      1; IgE of 0.2-<0.5 kilounits/liter: OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.73, 1.68; IgE of >or=0.5 
      kilounits/liter: OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.62, 4.29). The findings suggest that cord 
      IgE is reduced in pregnancies with higher order, indicating that the sibling 
      effect may have its origin in utero.
FAU - Karmaus, W
AU  - Karmaus W
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, 
      USA. karmaus@msu.edu
FAU - Arshad, H
AU  - Arshad H
FAU - Mattes, J
AU  - Mattes J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Epidemiol
JT  - American journal of epidemiology
JID - 7910653
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
SB  - IM
CIN - Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Nov 1;156(9):882; author reply 883-4. PMID: 12397007
CIN - Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Nov 1;156(9):882; author reply 883-4. PMID: 12397008
CIN - Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Nov 1;156(9):882-3; author reply 883-4. PMID: 12397009
MH  - *Birth Order
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Blood/*chemistry/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity, Immediate/*blood/immunology
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/*blood/immunology
MH  - Male
MH  - *Nuclear Family
MH  - Odds Ratio
MH  - Parity/immunology
MH  - Predictive Value of Tests
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Skin Tests/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
EDAT- 2001/11/09 10:00
MHDA- 2002/01/05 10:01
CRDT- 2001/11/09 10:00
PHST- 2001/11/09 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/01/05 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/11/09 10:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1093/aje/154.10.909 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Nov 15;154(10):909-15. doi: 10.1093/aje/154.10.909.