PMID- 11719568
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020212
LR  - 20220316
IS  - 0737-4038 (Print)
IS  - 0737-4038 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 12
DP  - 2001 Dec
TI  - Adaptive evolution in LINE-1 retrotransposons.
PG  - 2186-94
AB  - We traced the sequence evolution of the active lineage of LINE-1 (L1) 
      retrotransposons over the last approximately 25 Myr of human evolution. Five 
      major families (L1PA5, L1PA4, L1PA3B, L1PA2, and L1PA1) of elements have 
      succeeded each other as a single lineage. We found that part of the first 
      open-reading frame (ORFI) had a higher rate of nonsynonymous (amino acid 
      replacement) substitution than synonymous substitution during the evolution of 
      the ancestral L1PA5 through the L1PA3B families. This segment encodes the coiled 
      coil region of the protein-protein interaction domain of the ORFI protein 
      (ORFIp). Statistical analysis of these changes indicates that positive selection 
      had been acting on this region. In contrast, the coiled coil segment hardly 
      changed during the evolution of the L1PA3B to the present L1PA1 family. 
      Therefore, selective pressure on the coiled coil segment has changed over time. 
      We suggest that the fast rate of amino acid replacement in the coiled coil 
      segment reflects the adaptation of L1 either to a changing genomic environment or 
      to host repression factors. In contrast, the second open-reading frame and the 
      nucleic acid-binding domain of the first open-reading frame are extremely well 
      conserved, attesting to the strong purifying selection acting on these regions.
FAU - Boissinot, S
AU  - Boissinot S
AD  - Section on Genomic Structure and Function, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular 
      Biology, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 
      National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0830, USA.
FAU - Furano, A V
AU  - Furano AV
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Mol Biol Evol
JT  - Molecular biology and evolution
JID - 8501455
RN  - 0 (Retroelements)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Amino Acid Substitution
MH  - Animals
MH  - Databases, Factual
MH  - *Evolution, Molecular
MH  - Humans
MH  - Likelihood Functions
MH  - Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements/*genetics
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Open Reading Frames
MH  - Protein Structure, Tertiary
MH  - Retroelements/*genetics
MH  - Sequence Alignment
EDAT- 2001/11/24 10:00
MHDA- 2002/02/13 10:01
CRDT- 2001/11/24 10:00
PHST- 2001/11/24 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/02/13 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/11/24 10:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003765 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mol Biol Evol. 2001 Dec;18(12):2186-94. doi: 
      10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003765.