PMID- 11751015
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020129
LR  - 20190819
IS  - 0378-4274 (Print)
IS  - 0378-4274 (Linking)
VI  - 126
IP  - 2
DP  - 2002 Jan 25
TI  - Effects of developmental exposure to lead, magnesium and zinc mixtures on spatial 
      learning and expression of NMDA receptor subunit mRNA in Fischer 344 rats.
PG  - 107-19
AB  - The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is important for learning. Lead (Pb) 
      exposure impairs learning ability and affects the NMDAR. This study tested 
      whether developmental exposure to a combination of Pb, zinc (Zn), and magnesium 
      (Mg) would result in effects different from those seen with individual metals. 
      Fischer 344 (F344) rat pups of both genders were exposed from gestation day 5 to 
      post-natal day (PND) 40, either to Pb, Mg, or Zn individually or to a (one-third 
      or full concentration) mixture of the three metals. All Zn-treated pups died 
      before PND7, but half of the litters given the full concentration mixture 
      survived to PND40. Impaired learning in the Morris water maze was seen in the Mg 
      and full concentration mixture groups. There were gender differences in NR2A 
      subunit mRNA expression in the hippocampal CA3 region in the Mg and Pb groups, 
      but combining the three metals in the full concentration showed no gender effect. 
      Our results showed that exposure to all three metals affected mortality, learning 
      ability and gender-dependent expression patterns of an NMDAR subunit in a 
      different way from that seen with exposure to the individual metals.
FAU - Newman, Heike M
AU  - Newman HM
AD  - Center for Environmental Toxicology and Technology, Department of Environmental 
      Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State 
      University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1676, USA.
FAU - Yang, Raymond S H
AU  - Yang RS
FAU - Magnusson, Kathy R
AU  - Magnusson KR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Toxicol Lett
JT  - Toxicology letters
JID - 7709027
RN  - 0 (Drug Combinations)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate)
RN  - 2P299V784P (Lead)
RN  - I38ZP9992A (Magnesium)
RN  - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Animals, Suckling
MH  - Drug Combinations
MH  - Female
MH  - Hippocampus/drug effects/embryology/growth & development/metabolism
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - In Situ Hybridization
MH  - Lead/*toxicity
MH  - Longevity/drug effects
MH  - Magnesium/*toxicity
MH  - Male
MH  - Maze Learning/*drug effects
MH  - Organ Size/drug effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - RNA, Messenger/analysis/biosynthesis
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Inbred F344
MH  - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/classification/*drug effects/genetics
MH  - Zinc/*toxicity
EDAT- 2001/12/26 10:00
MHDA- 2002/01/30 10:01
CRDT- 2001/12/26 10:00
PHST- 2001/12/26 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/01/30 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/12/26 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0378427401004507 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00450-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Lett. 2002 Jan 25;126(2):107-19. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00450-7.