PMID- 11822780
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020709
LR  - 20201208
IS  - 1076-6294 (Print)
IS  - 1076-6294 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 4
DP  - 2001 Winter
TI  - Haemophilus influenzae resistance in Latin America: systematic review of 
      surveillance data.
PG  - 403-11
AB  - Haemophilus influenzae is a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality among 
      children under 5 years of age in the developing world. In Latin America, H. 
      influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine and surveillance of H. influenzae 
      antimicrobial susceptibility have been implemented in recent years. We have 
      undertaken a systematic review and a pooled analysis on H. influenzae 
      antimicrobial resistance, including reports of 15 Latin America countries over a 
      10-year period (1990-2000). We have found that 450 (21.4%) of 2,100 invasive 
      isolates were beta-lactamase producers compared to 145 (14.5%) of 998 isolates of 
      noninvasive isolates (p < 0.05). Ampicillin resistance was detected among 783 
      (21.9%) of 3,577 invasive isolates compared to 111 (17.2%) of 646 noninvasive 
      strains (p < 0.05). In contrast, 568 (41.9%) of 1,355 noninvasive strains were 
      trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) resistance against 241 (26.9%) of 897 
      invasive ones (p < 0.05). Therefore, TMP-SMX resistance was more common in 
      nonsterile fluids than in sterile fluids. Over time, rates of 
      beta-lactamase-producing strains were stable in Brazil and Mexico, whereas rates 
      of TMP-SMX resistance were increasing in Brazil. It is predictable that following 
      the Hib immunization, Latin America countries will be faced with increased 
      nontypeable H. influenzae infection. Although standing by the nontypeable H. 
      influenzae vaccine, in this novel epidemiological scenario of post-Hib 
      vaccination in Latin America settings there is a need to improve H. influenzae 
      resistance monitoring to guide clinicians to choose efficacious antimicrobial 
      therapy.
FAU - de Andrade, A L
AU  - de Andrade AL
AD  - Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, 
      Brazil. ana@iptsp.ufg.br
FAU - Brandileone, M C
AU  - Brandileone MC
FAU - Di Fabio, J L
AU  - Di Fabio JL
FAU - Oliveira, R M
AU  - Oliveira RM
FAU - Silva, S A
AU  - Silva SA
FAU - Baiocchi, S S
AU  - Baiocchi SS
FAU - Martelli, C M
AU  - Martelli CM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Systematic Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Microb Drug Resist
JT  - Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.)
JID - 9508567
RN  - 8064-90-2 (Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination)
RN  - EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Data Interpretation, Statistical
MH  - *Drug Resistance
MH  - Haemophilus Infections/drug therapy/*epidemiology/*metabolism
MH  - Haemophilus influenzae/*drug effects/enzymology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Latin America/epidemiology
MH  - Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy/microbiology
MH  - Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/pharmacology
MH  - beta-Lactamases/metabolism
EDAT- 2002/02/02 10:00
MHDA- 2002/07/10 10:01
CRDT- 2002/02/02 10:00
PHST- 2002/02/02 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/07/10 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/02/02 10:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1089/10766290152773419 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Microb Drug Resist. 2001 Winter;7(4):403-11. doi: 10.1089/10766290152773419.