PMID- 11837435
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020716
LR  - 20190922
IS  - 0047-2425 (Print)
IS  - 0047-2425 (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 1
DP  - 2002 Jan-Feb
TI  - Point- and nonpoint-source pesticide contamination in the Zwester Ohm catchment, 
      Germany.
PG  - 309-18
AB  - Reducing pesticide loads in surface waters implies identifying the pathways 
      responsible for the pollution. The current study documents the pesticide 
      contamination of the river Zwester Ohm, a 4917-ha catchment in Germany with 41% 
      of the land used for crop production. Discharges and concentrations of 19 
      pesticides were measured continuously at three locations for 15 mo. The load 
      detected at the outlet of the catchment amounted to 9048 g a.i. The losses 
      represent 0.22% of the pesticides applied by the farmers. The contamination 
      showed a seasonal pattern following the pesticide application times. The 
      wastewater treatment plant system (WWTPS) in the catchment (two wastewater 
      treatment plants [WWTP], 14 combined sewer overflows (CSO), four CSO tanks) emits 
      during dry weather periods purified sewage and during storm events sewage mixed 
      with stormwater runoff into the river. The contribution by the WWTPS to the 
      pesticide load was defined as point-source pollution (PSP). The load was 
      dominated by PSP with at least 77% of the total pollution. No significant 
      interdependencies between intrinsic properties of the pesticides, 
      hydrometeorological factors, and the loads occurring in the stream could be 
      found. Therefore, it is not possible to predict PSP for other catchments based on 
      the results from this study. Whereas 65% of the total load entered the river via 
      the WWTP, a portion of 12% was attributed to the CSO. The study points out that 
      the influence of CSO on PSP should be taken into account in future catchment 
      studies in areas with comparable agricultural structure.
FAU - Muller, Karin
AU  - Muller K
AD  - Dep. of Agric. Ecology and Nat. Resources Management. Univ. of Giessen, Germany. 
      karin.mueller@agresearch.co.nz
FAU - Bach, Martin
AU  - Bach M
FAU - Hartmann, Holger
AU  - Hartmann H
FAU - Spiteller, Michael
AU  - Spiteller M
FAU - Frede, Hans-Georg
AU  - Frede HG
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Environ Qual
JT  - Journal of environmental quality
JID - 0330666
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Sewage)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Germany
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Sewage
MH  - *Waste Disposal, Fluid
MH  - Water Movements
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
EDAT- 2002/02/12 10:00
MHDA- 2002/07/18 10:01
CRDT- 2002/02/12 10:00
PHST- 2002/02/12 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/07/18 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/02/12 10:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.2134/jeq2002.3090 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Qual. 2002 Jan-Feb;31(1):309-18. doi: 10.2134/jeq2002.3090.