PMID- 11849863
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020321
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 0735-1097 (Print)
IS  - 0735-1097 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 4
DP  - 2002 Feb 20
TI  - Long-term outcome in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
PG  - 638-45
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe long-term outcome in patients 
      with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) followed in a tertiary referral 
      center. BACKGROUND: Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a relatively rare form 
      of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), first described in Japan. Initial reports, 
      based on a limited number of patients, emphasized the benign nature of this 
      condition. METHODS: A retrospective study of 105 patients with ApHCM diagnosed at 
      the Toronto General Hospital from 1975 to 2000 was performed. Symptoms, clinical 
      findings, mortality and cardiovascular morbidity were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean 
      age at presentation was 41.4 +/- 14.5 years. During a mean follow-up of 13.6 +/- 
      8.3 years from presentation, cardiovascular mortality was 1.9% (2/105) and annual 
      cardiovascular mortality was 0.1%. Overall survival was 95% at 15 years. 
      Thirty-two patients (30%) had one or more major morbid events, the most frequent 
      being atrial fibrillation (12%) and myocardial infarction (10%). Probability of 
      survival without morbid events was 74% at 15 years. Three predictors of 
      cardiovascular morbidity were identified: age at presentation <41 years, left 
      atrial enlargement, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class > or = II at 
      baseline. Forty-four percent of the patients were asymptomatic at the time of 
      last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in North American 
      patients is not associated with sudden cardiac death and has a benign prognosis 
      in terms of cardiovascular mortality. Nevertheless, one third of these patients 
      experience serious cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial infarction 
      and arrhythmias. These data are likely to influence the counseling and management 
      of patients with ApHCM.
FAU - Eriksson, Maria J
AU  - Eriksson MJ
AD  - Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Network, Toronto General Hospital, 
      University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
FAU - Sonnenberg, Brian
AU  - Sonnenberg B
FAU - Woo, Anna
AU  - Woo A
FAU - Rakowski, Paul
AU  - Rakowski P
FAU - Parker, Thomas G
AU  - Parker TG
FAU - Wigle, E Douglas
AU  - Wigle ED
FAU - Rakowski, Harry
AU  - Rakowski H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Am Coll Cardiol
JT  - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
JID - 8301365
SB  - IM
CIN - J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Aug 21;40(4):837-8; author reply 838. PMID: 12204523
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/*complications/diagnosis/*mortality
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology/*mortality
MH  - Coronary Angiography
MH  - Echocardiography
MH  - Electrocardiography
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Outcome Assessment, Health Care
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Radionuclide Imaging
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Survival Rate
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2002/02/19 10:00
MHDA- 2002/03/22 10:01
CRDT- 2002/02/19 10:00
PHST- 2002/02/19 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/03/22 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/02/19 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0735109701017788 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01778-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Feb 20;39(4):638-45. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01778-8.