PMID- 11850092
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020408
LR  - 20190922
IS  - 0167-8760 (Print)
IS  - 0167-8760 (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 3
DP  - 2002 Mar
TI  - Non-linear EEG measures during sleep: effects of the different sleep stages and 
      cyclic alternating pattern.
PG  - 273-86
AB  - The objective of this work was to study the non-linear aspects of sleep EEG, 
      taking into account the different sleep stages and the peculiar organization of 
      its phasic events in ordered sequences (CAP) by applying a series of new 
      non-linear measures (non-linear cross prediction or NLCP), which appear more 
      reliable for the detection and characterization of non-linear structures in 
      experimental data than the commonly used correlation dimension. Eight healthy 
      subjects aged 18-20 years participated in this study. Polysomnography was 
      performed in all subjects; signals were sampled at 128 Hz and stored on hard 
      disk. The C3 or C4 derivation was used for all the subsequent computational 
      steps, which were performed on EEG epochs (4096 data points) selected from sleep 
      stage 2 (S2) and slow-wave sleep (SWS), in both CAP and non-CAP (NCAP) 
      conditions. Also, epochs from sleep stage 1 (S1), REM and wakefulness preceding 
      sleep were recorded. The dynamic properties of the EEG were assessed by means of 
      the non-linear cross-prediction test, which uses three different 'model' time 
      series in order to predict non-linearly the original data set (Pred, Ama, and 
      Tir). Pred is a measure of the predictability of the time series, and Ama and Tir 
      are measures of asymmetry, indicating non-linear structure. The non-linear 
      measures applied in this study indicate that sleep EEG tends to show non-linear 
      structure only during CAP periods, both during S2 and SWS. Moreover, during CAP 
      periods, non-linearity can only be detected during the phase A1 subtypes (and 
      partially A2) of CAP. The A3 phases show characteristics of non-stationarity and 
      bear some resemblance to wakefulness. Based on the results of this study, sleep 
      might be considered as a dynamically evolving sequence of different states of the 
      EEG, which we could track by detecting non-linearity, mostly in association with 
      CAP. Our results clearly show that detectable non-linearity in the EEG is closely 
      related to the occurrence of the phase A of CAP.
FAU - Ferri, Raffaele
AU  - Ferri R
AD  - Sleep Research Center, Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and 
      Brain Aging (IRCCS), Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018, Troina, Italy. 
      rferri@oasi.en.it
FAU - Parrino, Liborio
AU  - Parrino L
FAU - Smerieri, Arianna
AU  - Smerieri A
FAU - Terzano, Mario G
AU  - Terzano MG
FAU - Elia, Maurizio
AU  - Elia M
FAU - Musumeci, Sebastiano A
AU  - Musumeci SA
FAU - Pettinato, Salvatore
AU  - Pettinato S
FAU - Stam, Cornelis J
AU  - Stam CJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Int J Psychophysiol
JT  - International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International 
      Organization of Psychophysiology
JID - 8406214
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Data Interpretation, Statistical
MH  - Electroencephalography/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Nonlinear Dynamics
MH  - Polysomnography
MH  - Sleep/*physiology
MH  - Sleep Stages/*physiology
MH  - Statistics, Nonparametric
EDAT- 2002/02/19 10:00
MHDA- 2002/04/09 10:01
CRDT- 2002/02/19 10:00
PHST- 2002/02/19 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/04/09 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/02/19 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0167876002000065 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0167-8760(02)00006-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Psychophysiol. 2002 Mar;43(3):273-86. doi: 10.1016/s0167-8760(02)00006-5.