PMID- 11943504
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020827
LR  - 20190922
IS  - 0892-0362 (Print)
IS  - 0892-0362 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 2
DP  - 2002 Mar-Apr
TI  - Prenatal cocaine effects on fear conditioning: exaggeration of sex-dependent 
      context extinction.
PG  - 161-72
AB  - Prenatal cocaine exposure results in deficits in sensory preconditioning, 
      discrimination reversal, and spatial navigation, tasks that require input from 
      the hippocampus. However, there are no previous studies concerning prenatal 
      cocaine effects on contextual fear conditioning, another hippocampal-dependent 
      task. The present experiments tested whether chronic subcutaneous administration 
      of 40 mg/kg of cocaine HCl to pregnant rats, from gestational day (GD) 8 through 
      20 would lead to disruption of contextual fear conditioning in adult male and 
      female offspring. Offspring of saline-injected/pair-fed and untreated dams served 
      as controls. Experiment 1 used a one-trial context conditioning preparation. Rats 
      received a 2-s, 1-mA footshock in either the test context or a novel context, or 
      received no shock on the day prior to the no-shock test. Defecation and freezing 
      were measures of fear. Experiment 2 used a multiple measures protocol to optimize 
      detection of prenatal treatment effects and was preceded by an open-field test. 
      Rats received a 2-s, 0.8-mA footshock or no shock once daily over 4 days of 
      conditioning. During 3 days of extinction, access to an adjacent chamber enabled 
      the observation of four additional measures of fear: side crossing, latency, nose 
      crossing, and side-differential. There were gender-dependent effects of 
      conditioning on freezing and the four added measures of fear. Males showed higher 
      levels of context conditioning and extinguished more slowly than females. The 
      measures of nose crossing and side-differential revealed that prenatal cocaine 
      exposure exaggerated gender-specific effects of context conditioning. The effects 
      of prenatal cocaine exposure on context extinction are sexually dimorphic.
FAU - Brunzell, Darlene H
AU  - Brunzell DH
AD  - Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Department of Psychology, University of 
      Massachusetts, Tobin Hall, Amherst, MA 01003-7710, USA.
FAU - Coy, Abigail E
AU  - Coy AE
FAU - Ayres, John J B
AU  - Ayres JJ
FAU - Meyer, Jerrold S
AU  - Meyer JS
LA  - eng
GR  - F31-DA-05759/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA-06495/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurotoxicol Teratol
JT  - Neurotoxicology and teratology
JID - 8709538
RN  - I5Y540LHVR (Cocaine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Weight/drug effects
MH  - Cocaine/*toxicity
MH  - Conditioning, Classical/*drug effects
MH  - Electroshock
MH  - Extinction, Psychological/*drug effects
MH  - *Fear
MH  - Female
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Activity/drug effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Sex Factors
EDAT- 2002/04/12 10:00
MHDA- 2002/08/28 10:01
CRDT- 2002/04/12 10:00
PHST- 2002/04/12 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/08/28 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/04/12 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0892036201002124 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00212-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2002 Mar-Apr;24(2):161-72. doi: 
      10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00212-4.