PMID- 11993755
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20021029
LR  - 20191105
IS  - 1464-0325 (Print)
IS  - 1464-0325 (Linking)
VI  - 4
IP  - 2
DP  - 2002 Apr
TI  - Evaluation of a novel structural model to describe the endogenous release of lead 
      from bone.
PG  - 194-201
AB  - The aim of this paper was to assess the endogenous release of lead from bone to 
      blood, in 204 exposed subjects. resuming their duties after a 10-month strike in 
      a primary lead smelter in 1991. In vivo 109Cd K X-ray Fluorescence (109Cd K XRF) 
      was used to measure the bone lead concentration in tibia and calcaneus in the 
      smelter, in 1994 and five years later. The 1994 data were used to derive the 
      post-strike bone lead concentrations retrospectively from the significant 
      association between bone lead and the cumulative blood lead index (CBLI). When a 
      linear model was used to predict the current blood lead upon the level of lead in 
      bone, structural analysis of the data produced slopes for tibia (2.0, 95% CI 
      1.66-2.54) and calcaneus (0.19, 95% CI 0.16-0.23) that were significantly higher 
      than those predicted by the commonly used simple linear regression method, for 
      tibia (0.73, 95%, CI 0.58-0.88) and calcaneus (0.08, 95% CI 0.06-0.09). This 
      suggests that more lead than previously predicted by regression is released from 
      bone to blood. Furthermore, the structural analysis of the data produced an 
      estimation of the contribution of the bone lead stores to the bloodstream that 
      was more consistent with the 1999 epidemiological data than did the regression 
      estimation. Moreover, a non-linear relationship between tibia lead and blood lead 
      was suggested from the assumption checking procedures for regression. When a 
      non-linear regression model was fit to the data, the method produced estimates of 
      important parameters in human lead kinetics, namely the blood lead saturation 
      constant, showing a good agreement with current knowledge of lead metabolism. 
      Finally, the likelihood of a non-linear bone lead release seems to be supported 
      by the recently described dependence of the half-life of lead in bone on age and 
      intensity of occupational exposure.
FAU - Brito, Jose A A
AU  - Brito JA
AD  - Centro de Fisica Atomica da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. 
      jbrito@alf1.cii.fc.ul.pt
FAU - McNeill, Fiona E
AU  - McNeill FE
FAU - Webber, Colin E
AU  - Webber CE
FAU - Wells, Sue
AU  - Wells S
FAU - Richard, Norbert
AU  - Richard N
FAU - Carvalho, Maria L
AU  - Carvalho ML
FAU - Chettle, David R
AU  - Chettle DR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - J Environ Monit
JT  - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM
JID - 100968688
RN  - 2P299V784P (Lead)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Aged
MH  - Half-Life
MH  - Humans
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Lead/*pharmacokinetics
MH  - Male
MH  - Metallurgy
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Models, Chemical
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Tibia/*chemistry
EDAT- 2002/05/08 10:00
MHDA- 2002/10/31 04:00
CRDT- 2002/05/08 10:00
PHST- 2002/05/08 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/10/31 04:00 [medline]
PHST- 2002/05/08 10:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1039/b108817c [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Monit. 2002 Apr;4(2):194-201. doi: 10.1039/b108817c.