PMID- 12062936
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020807
LR  - 20190819
IS  - 0300-483X (Print)
IS  - 0300-483X (Linking)
VI  - 176
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2002 Jul 1
TI  - Determination of the sensitising activity of the rubber contact sensitisers TMTD, 
      ZDMC, MBT and DEA in a modified local lymph node assay and the effect of sodium 
      dodecyl sulfate pretreatment on local lymph node responses.
PG  - 123-34
AB  - A modified local lymph node assay (LLNA) was used to determine the sensitising 
      activity of four chemicals used for the production of natural rubber latex 
      products. Tetramethylthiuramdisulfide (TMTD), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and 
      zincdimethyldithiocarbamate (ZDMC), three moderate human sensitisers, and 
      diethylamine (DEA) a known human sensitiser, were epicutaneously administered on 
      the ear and the proliferating activity in the draining (auricular) lymph node 
      (LN) was determined by ex vivo (3)H-thymidine incorporation. Consistent results 
      were obtained for TMTD and ZDMC with stimulation indices (SI) above 3, 
      identifying these compounds as sensitiser, while for DEA and MBT inconsistent 
      results were obtained. For all parameters determined such as LN weight, LN cell 
      number, cell proliferation per 2 x 10(6) cells, and cell proliferation per LN 
      statistical significant increases were observed. The SI, expressed as cellular 
      proliferation per LN or per animal (left and right LN combined), was the most 
      sensitive parameter with an optimum at day 5 after start of 
      treatment.Furthermore, we investigated whether the use of sodium dodecyl sulfate 
      (SDS) was able to enhance weak responses in the LLNA. SDS treatment with dosages 
      of 10% and higher resulted in a SI above 3, while a dosage of 1% SDS showed no 
      activity. Pretreatment with 1% SDS 1 h before application of the rubber chemicals 
      enhanced the responses to these chemicals consistently, identifying also DEA and 
      MBT as sensitisers. Our results indicate that SDS had synergistic activity on the 
      LN responses of the administered rubber chemicals in the LLNA. For the moderately 
      responding sensitisers TMTD and ZDMC both IFN-gamma and IL-4 production was 
      observed. For the weakly responding sensitisers DEA and MBT both IFN-gamma and 
      IL-4 cytokine production was only observed after pretreatment of the animals with 
      10% SDS. For 10% and 20% SDS, inducing approximately a SI of 20 in the LLNA, no 
      induction of cytokines was observed.
FAU - De Jong, Wim H
AU  - De Jong WH
AD  - Laboratory for Pathology and Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health 
      and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. 
      w.de.jong@rivm.nl
FAU - Tentij, Marlies
AU  - Tentij M
FAU - Spiekstra, Sander W
AU  - Spiekstra SW
FAU - Vandebriel, Rob J
AU  - Vandebriel RJ
FAU - Van Loveren, Henk
AU  - Van Loveren H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Toxicology
JT  - Toxicology
JID - 0361055
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 0 (Benzothiazoles)
RN  - 0 (Diethylamines)
RN  - 0 (Surface-Active Agents)
RN  - 0 (Thiazoles)
RN  - 0D771IS0FH (Thiram)
RN  - 207137-56-2 (Interleukin-4)
RN  - 368GB5141J (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate)
RN  - 5RLR54Z22K (captax)
RN  - 73D8UA974J (Ziram)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
RN  - 9006-04-6 (Rubber)
RN  - B035PIS86W (diethylamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Allergens/*toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Benzothiazoles
MH  - Cell Division/drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Diethylamines/toxicity
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Drug Synergism
MH  - Female
MH  - Interferon-gamma/metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-4/metabolism
MH  - Latex Hypersensitivity/*etiology
MH  - *Local Lymph Node Assay
MH  - Lymph Nodes/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Rubber/chemistry
MH  - Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/*pharmacology
MH  - Surface-Active Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Thiazoles/toxicity
MH  - Thiram/toxicity
MH  - Ziram/toxicity
EDAT- 2002/06/14 10:00
MHDA- 2002/08/08 10:01
CRDT- 2002/06/14 10:00
PHST- 2002/06/14 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/08/08 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/06/14 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0300483X02001312 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00131-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicology. 2002 Jul 1;176(1-2):123-34. doi: 10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00131-2.