PMID- 12088740
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020903
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 0306-4522 (Print)
IS  - 0306-4522 (Linking)
VI  - 112
IP  - 4
DP  - 2002
TI  - A high-fat, refined sugar diet reduces hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic 
      factor, neuronal plasticity, and learning.
PG  - 803-14
AB  - We have investigated a potential mechanism by which a diet, similar in 
      composition to the typical diet of most industrialized western societies rich in 
      saturated fat and refined sugar (HFS), can influence brain structure and function 
      via regulation of neurotrophins. We show that animals that learn a spatial memory 
      task faster have more brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein 
      in the hippocampus. Two months on the HFS diet were sufficient to reduce 
      hippocampal level of BDNF and spatial learning performance. Consequent to the 
      action of BDNF on synaptic function, downstream effectors for the action of BDNF 
      on synaptic plasticity were reduced proportionally to BDNF levels, in the 
      hippocampus of rats maintained on the HFS diet between 2 and 24 months. In 
      particular, animals maintained on the HFS diet showed a decrease in levels of: 
      (i) synapsin I mRNA and protein (total and phosphorylated), important for 
      neurotransmitter release; (ii) cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) 
      mRNA and protein (total and phosphorylated); CREB is required for various forms 
      of memory and is under regulatory control of BDNF; (iii) growth-associated 
      protein 43 mRNA, important for neurite outgrowth, neurotransmitter release, and 
      learning and memory. Diet-related changes were specific for the hippocampus 
      consequent to its role in memory formation, and did not involve neurotrophin-3, 
      another member of the neurotrophin family. Our results indicate that a popularly 
      consumed diet can influence crucial aspects of neuronal and behavioral plasticity 
      associated with the function of BDNF.
FAU - Molteni, R
AU  - Molteni R
AD  - Department of Physiological Science, University of California at Los Angeles, 621 
      Charles E. Young Drive, 90095, USA.
FAU - Barnard, R J
AU  - Barnard RJ
FAU - Ying, Z
AU  - Ying Z
FAU - Roberts, C K
AU  - Roberts CK
FAU - Gomez-Pinilla, F
AU  - Gomez-Pinilla F
LA  - eng
GR  - NS 38978/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS 39522/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Neuroscience
JT  - Neuroscience
JID - 7605074
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Sucrose)
RN  - 0 (GAP-43 Protein)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Synapsins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Cerebral Cortex/metabolism
MH  - Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism
MH  - Dietary Fats/*adverse effects
MH  - Dietary Sucrose/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - GAP-43 Protein/metabolism
MH  - Hippocampus/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - *Learning
MH  - *Neuronal Plasticity
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Inbred F344
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Synapsins/metabolism
EDAT- 2002/06/29 10:00
MHDA- 2002/09/11 10:01
CRDT- 2002/06/29 10:00
PHST- 2002/06/29 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/09/11 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/06/29 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0306452202001239 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00123-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroscience. 2002;112(4):803-14. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00123-9.