PMID- 12123474 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20020919 LR - 20191106 IS - 1462-2912 (Print) IS - 1462-2912 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 7 DP - 2002 Jul TI - In situ studies of the phylogeny and physiology of filamentous bacteria with attached growth. PG - 383-91 AB - Among the filamentous bacteria occasionally causing bulking problems in activated sludge treatment plants, three morphotypes with attached microbial growth are common, Eikelboom Type 0041, Type 1851 and Type 1701. A better knowledge of the phylogeny and physiology of these filamentous bacteria is necessary in order to develop control strategies for bulking. In this study we have used a combination of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and microautoradiography (MAR) to investigate the identity and in situ physiology of the Type 0041-morphotype and its attached bacteria in two wastewater treatment plants. Identification and enumeration of Type 0041 using group-specific 16S rRNA-targeted FISH probes revealed that approximately 15% of the filaments hybridized with a gene probe specific for the TM7 group, a recently recognized major lineage in the bacterial domain. All other filaments morphologically identified as Type 0041 only hybridized to the general bacterial EUB338-probe, indicating that they probably do not belong to commonly isolated bacterial phyla such as the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, for which group-specific probes were used. The phylogenetic heterogeneity of Type 0041 again highlights the inadequacy of a morphology-based classification system. Like the filaments, most of the attached microbial cells were not identified beyond their affiliation to the Bacteria using the group-specific FISH probes. However, several different bacterial phyla were represented in the identified fraction suggesting that the attached microorganisms are phylogenetically diverse. The study of the in situ physiology of Type 0041 using MAR-FISH revealed that both the filaments and the attached bacteria on Type 0041 were versatile in the use of organic substrates and electron acceptors. It was observed that all Type 0041 could consume glucose, but none of the filaments were able to consume acetate under any conditions tested, in contrast to some of the attached bacteria. No significant physiological differences were found between TM7-positive and TM7-negative Type 0041 filaments, and only minor differences were observed between the two treatment plants tested. These are the first data on the physiology of the almost entirely uncharacterized TM7 phylum and show that TM7 filamentous bacteria can uptake carbon substrates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. FAU - Thomsen, Trine Rolighed AU - Thomsen TR AD - Department of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Sohngardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark. FAU - Kjellerup, Birthe Veno AU - Kjellerup BV FAU - Nielsen, Jeppe Lund AU - Nielsen JL FAU - Hugenholtz, Philip AU - Hugenholtz P FAU - Nielsen, Per Halkjaer AU - Nielsen PH LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Environ Microbiol JT - Environmental microbiology JID - 100883692 RN - 0 (DNA, Bacterial) RN - 0 (DNA, Ribosomal) RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) RN - 0 (Sewage) SB - IM MH - Autoradiography MH - Bacteria/genetics/growth & development/*ultrastructure MH - *Bacterial Adhesion MH - *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena MH - Bacterial Typing Techniques MH - DNA, Bacterial/analysis MH - DNA, Ribosomal/analysis MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - *Phylogeny MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics MH - Sewage/*microbiology MH - Waste Disposal, Fluid EDAT- 2002/07/19 10:00 MHDA- 2002/09/20 10:01 CRDT- 2002/07/19 10:00 PHST- 2002/07/19 10:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2002/09/20 10:01 [medline] PHST- 2002/07/19 10:00 [entrez] AID - 316 [pii] AID - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00316.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Microbiol. 2002 Jul;4(7):383-91. doi: 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00316.x.