PMID- 12162663 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20021112 LR - 20190513 IS - 0021-8812 (Print) IS - 0021-8812 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 7 DP - 2002 Jul TI - Effects of a Quillaja saponaria extract on growth performance and immune function of weanling pigs challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. PG - 1939-46 AB - Ninety-six pigs (initially 8.9 kg and 24 d of age) were used in a 28-d experiment to determine the effects of Quillaja saponaria extract (QS) on weanling pig growth performance and immune function in response to enteric disease challenge with Salmonella typhimurium (ST). Experimental treatments were arranged in a 2 x 4 factorial with main effects of disease challenge (control vs ST-challenge) and dietary addition of QS (0, 125, 250, or 500 mg/kg). Pigs were fed QS diets for 14 d and then challenged orally with ST or sterile media. There were no differences in ADG or ADFI among dietary treatments, but gain/feed ratio (G/ F) was depressed (P < 0.06) in pigs fed 250 mg/kg QS. ST-challenge reduced ADG (P < 0.05), ADFI (P < 0.05), and G/F (P < 0.05) 1 wk after challenge. Daily estimates revealed reductions in feed intake in ST-infected pigs on d 2 to 5 following infection (P < 0.05), and rectal temperature was increased maximally 2 d following infection (P < 0.05). There was a marked decline in serum IGF-I during the 6 d after ST-infection (P < 0.05). ST-challenge produced a rise (P < 0.05) in serum haptoglobin on d 7 after challenge, and serum alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in ST-challenged pigs also was elevated (P < 0.05) above controls on d 7 and 14 after challenge. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) M increased (P < 0.05) over time in both groups, and serum IgM of ST-challenged pigs was greater than controls on d 7 after challenge (P < 0.05). Serum IgG was not affected by enteric disease challenge; however, on d 7 and 14 after disease challenge, serum IgG for both groups was greater (P < 0.05) than on d 0. Dietary QS had no significant influence on any of the end points used to characterize the acute phase response to ST-challenge. Phagocytic cell function was depressed in pigs fed 250 (P < 0.05) and 500 (P < 0.05) mg/kg as compared to pigs fed 125 mg/kg QS. Yet, there was no difference in phagocytic function among pigs fed 0, 250, or 500 mg/kg QS. We conclude that this model of enteric disease invokes an acute phase response accompanied by decreases in feed intake and serum IGF-I. Furthermore, dietary QS, at the levels fed in this study, appears to offer little benefit to growth performance or immune function in the presence or absence of ST-challenge. FAU - Turner, J L AU - Turner JL AD - Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201, USA. FAU - Dritz, S S AU - Dritz SS FAU - Higgins, J J AU - Higgins JJ FAU - Herkelman, K L AU - Herkelman KL FAU - Minton, J E AU - Minton JE LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Anim Sci JT - Journal of animal science JID - 8003002 RN - 0 (Acute-Phase Proteins) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin M) RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) RN - 0 (Sapogenins) RN - 69O8E4G02B (quillaic acid) RN - 6SMK8R7TGJ (Oleanolic Acid) SB - IM MH - Acute-Phase Proteins MH - Animals MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Immunoglobulin G/*blood MH - Immunoglobulin M/*blood MH - Oleanolic Acid/*analogs & derivatives MH - Phagocytosis MH - Plant Extracts/*therapeutic use MH - Salmonella Infections, Animal/*prevention & control MH - Salmonella typhimurium MH - Sapogenins MH - Saponaria/*chemistry MH - Swine/*growth & development/*immunology MH - Swine Diseases/microbiology/*prevention & control MH - Time Factors MH - Weaning EDAT- 2002/08/07 10:00 MHDA- 2002/11/26 04:00 CRDT- 2002/08/07 10:00 PHST- 2002/08/07 10:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2002/11/26 04:00 [medline] PHST- 2002/08/07 10:00 [entrez] AID - 10.2527/2002.8071939x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Anim Sci. 2002 Jul;80(7):1939-46. doi: 10.2527/2002.8071939x.