PMID- 12200066
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20021216
LR  - 20231120
IS  - 1471-4906 (Print)
IS  - 1471-4906 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 9
DP  - 2002 Sep
TI  - Immature, semi-mature and fully mature dendritic cells: which signals induce 
      tolerance or immunity?
PG  - 445-9
AB  - Dendritic cells (DCs) are currently divided into tolerogenic immature and 
      immunogenic mature differentiation stages. However, recent findings challenge 
      this model by reporting mature DCs as inducers of regulatory CD4+ T cells in 
      vivo. This implies that decisive tolerogenic and immunogenic maturation signals 
      for DCs might exist. Closer inspection reveals that tolerance is observed when 
      partial- or semi-maturation of DCs occurs, whereas only full DC maturation is 
      immunogenic. The decisive immunogenic signal seems to be the release of 
      proinflammatory cytokines from the DCs. Moreover, the semi-mature DC phenotype is 
      comparable to steady-state migratory veiled DCs within the lymphatics, which seem 
      to continuously tolerize lymph node T cells against tissue-derived self-antigens 
      or apoptotic cells.
FAU - Lutz, Manfred B
AU  - Lutz MB
AD  - University of Erlangen, Department of Dermatology, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 
      Erlangen, Germany. lutz@derma.imed.uni-erlangen.de
FAU - Schuler, Gerold
AU  - Schuler G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Trends Immunol
JT  - Trends in immunology
JID - 100966032
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
SB  - IM
CIN - Trends Immunol. 2004 Nov;25(11):569. PMID: 16134236
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antigen Presentation
MH  - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology/drug effects/immunology
MH  - *Cell Differentiation/drug effects
MH  - Cell Movement
MH  - Dendritic Cells/*cytology/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - Endocytosis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Immune Tolerance
MH  - Mice
MH  - Monocytes/cytology/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology/pharmacology
EDAT- 2002/08/30 10:00
MHDA- 2002/12/18 04:00
CRDT- 2002/08/30 10:00
PHST- 2002/08/30 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/12/18 04:00 [medline]
PHST- 2002/08/30 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S1471490602022810 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s1471-4906(02)02281-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Trends Immunol. 2002 Sep;23(9):445-9. doi: 10.1016/s1471-4906(02)02281-0.