PMID- 12214775
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030129
LR  - 20051116
IS  - 0065-3101 (Print)
IS  - 0065-3101 (Linking)
VI  - 49
DP  - 2002
TI  - Attainments in atop: special aspects of allergy and IgE.
PG  - 273-97
AB  - Positive skin tests or elevated levels of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the 
      serum define IgE sensitization or "atopy." The term "allergy" refers to the 
      clinical expression of atopic IgE-mediated disease. Genetic predisposition and 
      decreased infections in early childhood, together with exposure and sensitization 
      to environmental allergens, fix the basis for the elevation of IgE in infancy. 
      Elevated IgE shortly after birth is associated with later onset of allergic 
      disorders. IgE participates both in the immediate hypersensitivity response and 
      in the induction of chronic allergic inflammation. The allergic response is 
      distinct from other immune reactions in its reliance on IgE, its high-affinity 
      receptor FcepsilonRI, and the primary effector cell-the tissue mast cell. IgE 
      initiates the process of allergic inflammation by binding to FcepsilonRI on 
      inflammatory cells in the airways, the gut, and the skin. Cross-linking of the 
      IgE molecules bound to FcepsilonRI on the surface of mast cells by allergen 
      initiates the early-phase allergic reaction. IgE bound to FcepsilonRI sets off 
      the release of inflammatory mediators, including histamine, leukotrienes and 
      cytokines, and leads to eosinophilic infiltration and inflammation in the 
      affected mucosa or skin. IgE, attached to the low-affinity receptor FcepsilonRII 
      on activated B cells and antigen-presenting cells, enhances allergen capture and 
      type 2 helper T (Th2) cell activation, and may trigger other immunoregulatory 
      pathways. Considerable effort in therapeutic research has focused on interference 
      with IgE function because of its position high in the allergic cascade. Therapy 
      with anti-IgE is one such approach that shows much promise. Large clinical 
      studies of anti-IgE in adults and children have documented its safety and 
      effectiveness by demonstrating the reduction of free IgE in circulation, 
      inhibition of both early- and late-phase allergic reactions, steroid sparing, and 
      protection against exacerbation of asthma and allergic rhinitis.
FAU - Milgrom, Henry
AU  - Milgrom H
AD  - National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colo, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Adv Pediatr
JT  - Advances in pediatrics
JID - 0370436
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal)
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/therapeutic use
MH  - Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
MH  - Dermatitis, Atopic/genetics/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/blood/*genetics/*immunology
MH  - Respiratory Hypersensitivity/*genetics/*immunology/therapy
MH  - Respiratory Sounds/genetics/immunology
RF  - 134
EDAT- 2002/09/07 10:00
MHDA- 2003/01/30 04:00
CRDT- 2002/09/07 10:00
PHST- 2002/09/07 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/01/30 04:00 [medline]
PHST- 2002/09/07 10:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Adv Pediatr. 2002;49:273-97.