PMID- 12352682
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20021115
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0023-852X (Print)
IS  - 0023-852X (Linking)
VI  - 112
IP  - 9
DP  - 2002 Sep
TI  - Cytokine profiles in a rat model of otitis media with effusion caused by 
      eustachian tube obstruction with and without Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.
PG  - 1657-62
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Cytokine expression was studied in a rat model of otitis media with 
      effusion. METHODS: The left eustachian tube was obstructed (eustachian tube 
      obstruction [ETO]) in 84 rats. Forty-two ears were challenged with, and those 
      rats were treated from day 2 to day 7 with ampicillin. Twelve rats (6 per group) 
      were killed on days 1, 2, 7, 21, 35, 56, and 112; mucosa was harvested and 
      assayed for interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
      (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-gamma 
      (IFN-gamma), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), monocyte chemoattractant 
      protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene expression, and effusion was 
      assayed for IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10, and macrophage inflammatory 
      protein-2 (MIP-2) protein. RESULTS: Most cytokines were detectable in the 
      effusion from infected ears with ETO on days 1 and 2 only. MIP-2 exhibited a 
      biphasic response. Only effusion MIP-2 was consistently detected in uninfected 
      ears with ETO. Three patterns of mucosal cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) 
      upregulation were observed: isolated early (IL-1beta, IL-8), isolated late 
      (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma), and biphasic (MCP-1, IL-6, TGF-beta) responses. Early 
      cytokine mRNA upregulations were observed only in the infected ears with ETO, 
      whereas late upregulations were observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Early 
      expression of the assayed cytokines occurred only in ears with active infection. 
      For both groups, a late upregulation of cytokine message but not protein was 
      documented. The profile of cytokine expression during otitis media episodes may 
      be useful in defining etiology, disease stage, and prognosis.
FAU - Hebda, Patricia A
AU  - Hebda PA
AD  - Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 
      Pennsyvania 15213, USA.
FAU - Piltcher, Otavio B
AU  - Piltcher OB
FAU - Swarts, J Douglas
AU  - Swarts JD
FAU - Alper, Cuneyt M
AU  - Alper CM
FAU - Zeevi, Adriana
AU  - Zeevi A
FAU - Doyle, William J
AU  - Doyle WJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Laryngoscope
JT  - The Laryngoscope
JID - 8607378
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Penicillins)
RN  - 7C782967RD (Ampicillin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Ampicillin/pharmacology
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokines/*metabolism
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Eustachian Tube/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Otitis Media with Effusion/drug therapy/*metabolism/microbiology
MH  - Penicillins/pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy
MH  - Streptococcus pneumoniae
MH  - Up-Regulation
EDAT- 2002/09/28 04:00
MHDA- 2002/11/26 04:00
CRDT- 2002/09/28 04:00
PHST- 2002/09/28 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/11/26 04:00 [medline]
PHST- 2002/09/28 04:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1097/00005537-200209000-00024 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Laryngoscope. 2002 Sep;112(9):1657-62. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200209000-00024.