PMID- 12397636
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030530
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 0040-3709 (Print)
IS  - 0040-3709 (Linking)
VI  - 66
IP  - 5
DP  - 2002 Nov
TI  - 13C-NMR study of hypoglycemia-induced glycolytic changes in embryonic mouse 
      heart.
PG  - 267-72
AB  - BACKGROUND: Glucose metabolites can be detected in embryonic mouse tissues using 
      13C-NMR spectroscopy. The advantage of this method is in its chemical specificity 
      and the ability to follow metabolic changes. METHODS: In this study, CD-1 mice 
      were mated and embryos excised on gestational day (GD) 10.5 (plug = GD 0.5). 
      Hearts were isolated and cultured in 150 mg/dl glucose (normoglycemic medium) or 
      40 mg/dl glucose (hypoglycemic medium) for 6 hr. 13C-labeled glucose comprised 
      62%-64% of total glucose in the culture medium. Pre- and postculture media were 
      treated with deuterated water (D2O), and 13C spectra were obtained using a Bruker 
      Avance 500 MHz spectrometer operating at 11.744 tesla (125.7 MHz for 13C). NMR 
      spectra demonstrated resonances for 13C-glucose in preculture normoglycemic and 
      hypoglycemic media. Postculture spectra for normoglycemic and hypoglycemic media 
      demonstrated 13C-glucose signals as well as a signal for 13C-lactate. Area under 
      the curve (AUC) was measured for the [1-(13)C-glucose] resonance from preculture 
      media and the [3-(13)C-lactate] resonance from postculture media. The ratios of 
      AUC for postculture [3-(13)C-lactate] to preculture [1-(13)C-glucose] were 
      calculated and found to be higher in hypoglycemic than in normoglycemic media. 
      RESULTS: Our results confirm earlier findings using radiolabeled substrates and 
      suggest that 13C-NMR spectroscopy can be used to study glucose metabolism in 
      isolated embryonic hearts exposed to hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: NMR effectively 
      measures glucose and its metabolite, lactate, in the same spectrum and thus 
      determines metabolic flux in the isolated embryonic heart after exposure to 
      hypoglycemia and normoglycemia. This method could evaluate glucose metabolism in 
      embryonic tissues following other teratogenic exposures.
CI  - Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
FAU - Ghatnekar, Gautam S
AU  - Ghatnekar GS
AD  - Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA. 
      gsghatne@unity.ncsu.edu
FAU - Gracz, Hanna S
AU  - Gracz HS
FAU - Smoak, Ida W
AU  - Smoak IW
LA  - eng
GR  - HL60752/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Teratology
JT  - Teratology
JID - 0153257
RN  - 0 (Carbon Isotopes)
RN  - 0 (Culture Media)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Carbon Isotopes
MH  - Culture Media
MH  - Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Glycolysis/*physiology
MH  - Heart/*embryology
MH  - Hypoglycemia/*embryology/*metabolism
MH  - *Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred Strains
MH  - Myocardium/*metabolism
MH  - Organ Culture Techniques
EDAT- 2002/10/25 04:00
MHDA- 2003/05/31 05:00
CRDT- 2002/10/25 04:00
PHST- 2002/10/25 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/05/31 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2002/10/25 04:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/tera.10103 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Teratology. 2002 Nov;66(5):267-72. doi: 10.1002/tera.10103.