PMID- 12413783
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030728
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 0168-1656 (Print)
IS  - 0168-1656 (Linking)
VI  - 100
IP  - 1
DP  - 2003 Jan 9
TI  - Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification by controlling vertical and 
      horizontal microenvironment in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor.
PG  - 23-32
AB  - Nitrogen and carbon components in domestic modified wastewater were completely 
      removed by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification using a 
      membrane-aerated biofilm reactor where biofilm was fixed on a hollow-fiber 
      membrane. To measure the spatial distribution of pH, ammonium and nitrate ions 
      and to observe microbes inside the biofilm fixed on the membrane, microelectrodes 
      and the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method were applied. Due to 
      plug flow in the vertical direction (from the bottom to the top of the reactor), 
      ammonium nitrogen was gradually removed and negligible nitrate nitrogen was 
      detected throughout the reactor. FISH revealed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria 
      were mainly distributed inside the biofilm and other bacteria, which included 
      denitrifying bacteria, were mainly distributed outside the biofilm and over the 
      suspended sludge. In order to characterize bacterial activity in the vertical 
      direction of the reactor, nitrification rates at lower, central and upper points 
      were calculated using microelectrode data. The nitrification rate at the lower 
      point was 7 and 125 times higher than those at the central and upper points, 
      respectively. These results show that the removal of carbon and nitrogen 
      compounds was accomplished efficiently by using various kinds of bacteria 
      distributed vertically and horizontally in a single reactor.
FAU - Hibiya, Kazuaki
AU  - Hibiya K
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, 
      Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
FAU - Terada, Akihiko
AU  - Terada A
FAU - Tsuneda, Satoshi
AU  - Tsuneda S
FAU - Hirata, Akira
AU  - Hirata A
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Biotechnol
JT  - Journal of biotechnology
JID - 8411927
RN  - 0 (Membranes, Artificial)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 7440-44-0 (Carbon)
RN  - N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
RN  - S88TT14065 (Oxygen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bacteria, Aerobic/cytology/metabolism
MH  - *Biofilms
MH  - Bioreactors/*microbiology
MH  - Carbon/*metabolism
MH  - Computer Simulation
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
MH  - Membranes, Artificial
MH  - Microelectrodes
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Nitrogen/*metabolism
MH  - Oxygen/metabolism
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Water Purification/instrumentation/*methods
EDAT- 2002/11/05 04:00
MHDA- 2003/07/29 05:00
CRDT- 2002/11/05 04:00
PHST- 2002/11/05 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/07/29 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2002/11/05 04:00 [entrez]
AID - S0168165602002274 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0168-1656(02)00227-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biotechnol. 2003 Jan 9;100(1):23-32. doi: 10.1016/s0168-1656(02)00227-4.