PMID- 12445284
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030616
LR  - 20201215
IS  - 0105-2896 (Print)
IS  - 0105-2896 (Linking)
VI  - 188
DP  - 2002 Oct
TI  - Immunity to cancer: attack and escape in T lymphocyte-tumor cell interaction.
PG  - 97-113
AB  - Tumor cells may express antigens which are recognized in a form of HLA/peptide 
      complexes by T cells. The frequency at which different antigens are seen by T 
      cells of melanoma patients and healthy donors was evaluated by human leukocyte 
      antigen (HLA)/peptide tetramer technology which stains T cells bearing the 
      specific receptor for a given epitope. By this technique, it was found that the 
      majority of metastatic melanoma patients can recognize differentiation antigens 
      (particularly Melan-A/MART-1), whereas such a recognition is scanty in the early 
      phase of the disease and in healthy subjects. Despite the presence of 
      melanoma-specific T cells infiltrating tumor lesions, tumor rejection rarely 
      occurs. Among the different mechanisms of such inefficient antitumor response, 
      this review discusses the possible anti-T-cell counterattack mediated by 
      FasL-positive tumor cells, and shows that FasL is located in the cytoplasm of 
      melanoma cells and is transported in the tumor microenvironment through the 
      release of melanosomes. Additionally, mechanisms of suboptimal T cell activation 
      through tumor cell expression of peptide analogs with antagonist activity are 
      described, together with the possibility of overcoming such anergy induction by 
      the usage of optimized tumor epitopes. Down-modulation of HLA expression by 
      target tumor cells and its multiple mechanisms is also considered. Finally, we 
      discuss the role of inducible nitric oxide synthases in determining the 
      inhibition of apoptosis in melanoma cells, which can make such tumor cells 
      resistant to the T-cell attack.
FAU - Rivoltini, Licia
AU  - Rivoltini L
AD  - Units of Human Tumor Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 
      Milan, Italy.
FAU - Carrabba, Matteo
AU  - Carrabba M
FAU - Huber, Veronica
AU  - Huber V
FAU - Castelli, Chiara
AU  - Castelli C
FAU - Novellino, Luisa
AU  - Novellino L
FAU - Dalerba, Piero
AU  - Dalerba P
FAU - Mortarini, Roberta
AU  - Mortarini R
FAU - Arancia, Giuseppe
AU  - Arancia G
FAU - Anichini, Andrea
AU  - Anichini A
FAU - Fais, Stefano
AU  - Fais S
FAU - Parmiani, Giorgio
AU  - Parmiani G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Immunol Rev
JT  - Immunological reviews
JID - 7702118
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Neoplasm)
RN  - 0 (Cancer Vaccines)
RN  - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte)
RN  - 0 (FASLG protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Fas Ligand Protein)
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Membrane Glycoproteins)
RN  - 0 (Neoplasm Proteins)
RN  - 0 (fas Receptor)
RN  - 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (NOS2 protein, human)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antigen Presentation
MH  - Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis/immunology
MH  - Apoptosis/immunology
MH  - Cancer Vaccines/immunology
MH  - Cell Membrane/metabolism
MH  - Clonal Anergy/immunology
MH  - Cytoplasm/metabolism
MH  - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
MH  - Fas Ligand Protein
MH  - HLA Antigens/biosynthesis/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunologic Memory/immunology
MH  - Immunologic Surveillance/*immunology
MH  - Lymphatic Metastasis
MH  - Lymphocyte Activation
MH  - Melanoma/immunology/pathology
MH  - Melanosomes/metabolism
MH  - Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
MH  - Neoplasm Proteins/immunology/physiology
MH  - Neoplasms/*immunology
MH  - Nitric Oxide/physiology
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase/physiology
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
MH  - T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology
MH  - Tumor Escape/*immunology
MH  - fas Receptor/immunology
RF  - 123
EDAT- 2002/11/26 04:00
MHDA- 2003/06/17 05:00
CRDT- 2002/11/26 04:00
PHST- 2002/11/26 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/06/17 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2002/11/26 04:00 [entrez]
AID - imr18809 [pii]
AID - 10.1034/j.1600-065x.2002.18809.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Immunol Rev. 2002 Oct;188:97-113. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-065x.2002.18809.x.