PMID- 12580571
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030313
LR  - 20161021
IS  - 1060-0558 (Print)
IS  - 1060-0558 (Linking)
VI  - 42
IP  - 1
DP  - 2003 Jan
TI  - Evaluation of postoperative analgesia in a rat model of incisional pain.
PG  - 28-34
AB  - Effective postoperative analgesia is essential for improving patient well-being 
      and decreasing morbidity. Historical recommendations of postoperative analgesics 
      have been based on their effectiveness in attenuating a nociceptive response in 
      animals that have not undergone a surgical procedure, potentially leading to 
      over- or underestimation of postoperative analgesia requirements. This study was 
      designed to evaluate the efficacy of four analgesics in a model of postsurgical 
      pain, which involves surgical incision of the plantar aspect of the hindpaw in 
      halothane-anesthetized rats. The hindpaw was selected as the injury site because 
      it permits quantitative assessment of mechanical sensitivity, which increases as 
      a consequence of tissue damage. As the primary endpoints for postoperative 
      recovery, mechanical sensitivity and weight gain were determined for 5 days. 
      Analgesic regimens included buprenorphine (0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg 
      subcutaneously [s.c.]; 1 ml/kg), fentanyl (0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg intraperitoneally 
      [i.p.]; 1 ml/kg), flunixin meglumine (1.1 and 2.5 mg/kg, s.c.; 1 ml/kg) and 
      acetaminophen (100 and 300 mg/kg orally; approximately 3 & 10 ml/kg). Drugs were 
      administered once daily on days 0, 1, and 2 postoperatively. Buprenorphine, 
      fentanyl, and flunixin all significantly decreased mechanical sensitivity, but 
      buprenorphine provided the highest degree of analgesia during the postoperative 
      treatment period. However, rats treated with buprenorphine exhibited heightened 
      mechanical sensitivity once treatment was discontinued on day 2. Moreover, 
      buprenorphine also compromised weight gain as compared to that of vehicle-treated 
      animals. These findings suggest that potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory 
      agents, such as flunixin, may be useful alternatives to opioid-based agents for 
      the control of acute postoperative pain associated with a minor surgical 
      procedure and highlight the importance of assessing the risk-benefit ratio when 
      selecting analgesics and dosing regimens.
FAU - St A Stewart, Laike
AU  - St A Stewart L
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New 
      Jersey 07065, USA.
FAU - Martin, William J
AU  - Martin WJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci
JT  - Contemporary topics in laboratory animal science
JID - 9204153
RN  - 0 (Analgesics)
RN  - 356IB1O400 (flunixin)
RN  - 362O9ITL9D (Acetaminophen)
RN  - 40D3SCR4GZ (Buprenorphine)
RN  - UF599785JZ (Fentanyl)
RN  - V7DXN0M42R (Clonixin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetaminophen/administration & dosage
MH  - *Analgesia
MH  - *Analgesics
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomechanical Phenomena
MH  - Buprenorphine/administration & dosage
MH  - Clonixin/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives
MH  - Fentanyl/administration & dosage
MH  - Hindlimb/surgery
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Male
MH  - Models, Animal
MH  - Pain Measurement
MH  - Pain, Postoperative/*drug therapy
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Weight Gain
EDAT- 2003/02/13 04:00
MHDA- 2003/03/14 04:00
CRDT- 2003/02/13 04:00
PHST- 2003/02/13 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/03/14 04:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/02/13 04:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci. 2003 Jan;42(1):28-34.