PMID- 12590952
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20031128
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 0049-3848 (Print)
IS  - 0049-3848 (Linking)
VI  - 108
IP  - 2-3
DP  - 2002 Nov 1
TI  - Effect of the ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract on platelet aggregation and 
      urinary prostanoid excretion in healthy and Type 2 diabetic subjects.
PG  - 151-60
AB  - Enhanced platelet function, particularly in response to collagen, is a common 
      occurrence in diabetes that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Ginkgo 
      biloba extract is ingested primarily to improve mental focus but it possesses a 
      blood-thinning potential, which has not been well characterized. This study was 
      designed to compare the effect of ingesting G. biloba extract on platelet 
      aggregation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and prostanoid urinary excretion in 
      healthy volunteers and subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Before and 
      after ingesting 120 mg of standardized G. biloba extract for 3 months, platelet 
      aggregation was studied in PRP and urinary metabolites of thromboxane B(2) 
      (TXB(2)) and prostacyclin (PGI(2)) were measured. In healthy volunteers (age, 
      42+/-11 years; BMI, 28.4+/-4.8 kg/m(2); n=28), the ingestion of G. biloba extract 
      significantly increased fasting insulin and C-peptide (10+/-4 vs. 12+/-6 
      microU/ml, p<0.007 and 1.3+/-0.8 vs. 2.1+/-1.1 ng/ml, p<0.001, respectively) and 
      significantly reduced collagen but not PAF-mediated platelet aggregation, 
      converting 21 of 28 subjects with [COL+/EPI+] platelets to the [COL-/EPI+] 
      phenotype. This was accompanied by a reduction of 11-dehydro-TXB(2) from 
      12.4+/-6.1 to 10.3+/-6.1 ng/mg Cr (p<0.04) and PGI(2) metabolites 
      (2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF(1alpha) and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha)) from 2.2+/-0.8 to 1.8+/-0.8 
      ng/mg Cr (p<0.05). In the T2DM subjects (age, 54+/-8; BMI, 36.6+/-7.9 kg/m(2); 
      n=19), G. biloba ingestion did not affect pancreatic beta-cell function but 
      significantly reduced platelet aggregation, converting 16 of 19 [COL+/EPI+] 
      platelets to the [COL-/EPI+] phenotype. Unlike the healthy volunteers, this was 
      not accompanied by a reduced urinary prostanoid excretion. G. biloba-induced 
      reduction of both classes of prostanoid metabolites in healthy volunteers, but 
      not in T2DM subjects, may suggest a nonselective inhibition of COX-1-mediated 
      TXA(2) in platelets and COX-2-mediated PGI(2) production by the endothelial cells 
      and perhaps platelet-enriched levels of arachidonic acid or COX-1 activity, or 
      both, in T2DM subjects.
FAU - Kudolo, George B
AU  - Kudolo GB
AD  - Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, MSC 6246, School of Allied Health 
      Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd 
      Curl Drive, 78229-3900, USA. Kudolo@uthscsa.edu
FAU - Dorsey, Sheryl
AU  - Dorsey S
FAU - Blodgett, Janet
AU  - Blodgett J
LA  - eng
GR  - M01-RR-01346/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AT-00832-01/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Thromb Res
JT  - Thrombosis research
JID - 0326377
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Prostaglandins)
RN  - 54397-85-2 (Thromboxane B2)
RN  - 58962-34-8 (6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha)
RN  - 64700-71-6 (2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1alpha)
RN  - 67910-12-7 (11-dehydro-thromboxane B2)
SB  - IM
MH  - 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha/*analogs & derivatives/urine
MH  - Adult
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*drug therapy/urine
MH  - Drug Interactions
MH  - Female
MH  - *Ginkgo biloba
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Phytotherapy/adverse effects
MH  - Plant Extracts/adverse effects/pharmacology
MH  - Platelet Aggregation/*drug effects
MH  - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/adverse effects/pharmacology
MH  - Prostaglandins/*urine
MH  - Thromboxane B2/*analogs & derivatives/urine
EDAT- 2003/02/20 04:00
MHDA- 2003/12/03 05:00
CRDT- 2003/02/20 04:00
PHST- 2003/02/20 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/12/03 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/02/20 04:00 [entrez]
AID - S0049384802003948 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0049-3848(02)00394-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Thromb Res. 2002 Nov 1;108(2-3):151-60. doi: 10.1016/s0049-3848(02)00394-8.