PMID- 12630823
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030829
LR  - 20191025
IS  - 0916-9636 (Print)
IS  - 0916-9636 (Linking)
VI  - 26 Suppl
DP  - 2003 Feb
TI  - Variations of human adrenomedullin gene and its relation to cardiovascular 
      diseases.
PG  - S129-34
AB  - The studies concerning the structure and variations of the human adrenomedullin 
      (AM) gene are reviewed, and their relations to the gene function and genetic 
      predisposition to cardiovascular diseases are discussed. The genomic human AM 
      gene is composed of four exons, and the whole nucleotide sequence corresponding 
      to mature AM resides in the fourth exon. In chromosomal sublocalization, the AM 
      gene is located in the distal portion of the short arm of chromosome 11 
      (11p15.1-3). Analysis of the promoter region of the AM gene has revealed that two 
      transcription factors, nuclear factor for interleukin-6 expression (NF-IL6) and 
      activator protein 2 (AP-2), participate in the regulation of AM gene expression. 
      It is surmised that NF-IL6 mediates inflammatory stimuli and AP-2 mediates 
      signals of phospholipase C and protein kinase C activation. In addition to these 
      factors, hypoxia induces AM gene expression via the hypoxia inducible factor-1 
      (HIF-1) binding site. The 3'-end of the AM gene is flanked by a microsatellite 
      marker of cytosine adenine (CA) repeats. In Japanese, there are four types of 
      alleles with different CA-repeat numbers: 11, 13, 14 and 19. It is suggested that 
      existence of the 19-repeat allele is associated with genetic predispositions to 
      develop essential hypertension and diabetic nephropathy.
FAU - Ishimitsu, Toshihiko
AU  - Ishimitsu T
AD  - Department of Hypertension and Cardiorenal Medicine, Dokkyo University School of 
      Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan. isimitu@dokkyomed.ac.jp
FAU - Tsukada, Kohju
AU  - Tsukada K
FAU - Minami, Junichi
AU  - Minami J
FAU - Ono, Hidehiko
AU  - Ono H
FAU - Matsuoka, Hiroaki
AU  - Matsuoka H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Hypertens Res
JT  - Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
JID - 9307690
RN  - 0 (Peptides)
RN  - 148498-78-6 (Adrenomedullin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adrenomedullin
MH  - Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics/physiopathology
MH  - Heart Failure/genetics/physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypertension, Renal/*genetics/*physiopathology
MH  - Peptides/*genetics
MH  - Polymorphism, Genetic
RF  - 50
EDAT- 2003/03/13 04:00
MHDA- 2003/08/30 05:00
CRDT- 2003/03/13 04:00
PHST- 2003/03/13 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/08/30 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/03/13 04:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1291/hypres.26.s129 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hypertens Res. 2003 Feb;26 Suppl:S129-34. doi: 10.1291/hypres.26.s129.