PMID- 12639041
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040210
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1526-498X (Print)
IS  - 1526-498X (Linking)
VI  - 59
IP  - 3
DP  - 2003 Mar
TI  - Determination of residues of endosulfan in human blood by a negative ion chemical 
      ionization gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method: impact of long-term 
      aerial spray exposure.
PG  - 252-8
AB  - A new and sensitive analytical method using negative ion chemical ionization gas 
      chromatography/mass spectrometry in selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode has been 
      developed for the determination of residues of endosulfan in the human blood. The 
      residues of endosulfan are extracted from whole blood samples without separating 
      the serum by the addition of 60% sulfuric acid at 10 degrees C followed by 
      partition with hexane + acetone (9 + 1 by volume). The total endosulfan is 
      quantified as the sum of alpha-endosulfan, beta-endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate 
      in SIM mode. The mass-fragment ions used for this purpose that are monitored for 
      in SIM mode include endosulfan diol: 95, 169, 214, 313, alpha-endosulfan: 99, 
      242, 270, 406, beta-endosulfan: 99, 242, 270, 406, and endosulfan sulfate: 97, 
      353, 386. Recovery experiments were conducted at the concentration range 1.0-100 
      pg ml(-1). Results showed 112-98% recovery of total endosulfan from the whole 
      blood samples. The relative standard deviation was 1.49-2.68%. The method was 
      found to be highly sensitive in quantifying endosulfan residues down to the 0.1 
      pg ml(-1) level. Conversion of endosulfan to endosulfan diol was found to be less 
      than 0.1% under the conditions used. The results were compared with published 
      data. The applications of the analytical method for the determination of 
      endosulfan residues in real samples was tested by analyzing 106 human blood 
      samples collected from a population living in Padre village, Kasargode District, 
      Kerala, India, where aerial spraying of endosulfan has been a common agricultural 
      practice over the years. The results showed that none of the blood samples 
      contained residues of endosulfan (alpha-endosulfan 4 beta-endosulfan + endosulfan 
      sulfate) or endosulfan diol. The results were confirmed by the detection of the 
      appropriate amounts in a number of these samples which had subsequently been 
      spiked with endosulfan.
FAU - Ramesh, Atmakuru
AU  - Ramesh A
AD  - Department of Pesticide Chemistry, International Institute of Biotechnology and 
      Toxicology (Formerly Fredrick Institute of Plant Protection and Toxicology), 
      Padappai, Chennai-601 301, Tamil Nadu, India. raamesh_a@hotmail.com
FAU - Ravi, Perumal Elumalai
AU  - Ravi PE
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Pest Manag Sci
JT  - Pest management science
JID - 100898744
RN  - 0 (Aerosols)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - OKA6A6ZD4K (Endosulfan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aerosols/administration & dosage
MH  - Aged
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Endosulfan/*administration & dosage/*blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
MH  - Insecticides/*administration & dosage/*blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2003/03/18 04:00
MHDA- 2004/02/11 05:00
CRDT- 2003/03/18 04:00
PHST- 2003/03/18 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/02/11 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/03/18 04:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/ps.628 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pest Manag Sci. 2003 Mar;59(3):252-8. doi: 10.1002/ps.628.