PMID- 12662172
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030923
LR  - 20191106
IS  - 1462-2912 (Print)
IS  - 1462-2912 (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 4
DP  - 2003 Apr
TI  - The marine fireworm Hermodice carunculata is a winter reservoir and spring-summer 
      vector for the coral-bleaching pathogen Vibrio shiloi.
PG  - 250-5
AB  - Vibrio shiloi, the causative agent of bleaching of the coral Oculina patagonica 
      in the Mediterranean Sea, is present in all bleached O. patagonica corals in the 
      summer (25-30 degrees C), but can be not detected in the coral during the winter 
      (16-20 degrees C). Furthermore, the pathogen can not survive in O. patagonica at 
      temperatures below 20 degrees C. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 
      with a V. shiloi-specific oligonucleotide probe, we found that the marine 
      fireworm Hermodice caranculata is a winter reservoir for V. shiloi. Worms taken 
      directly from the sea during the winter contained approximately 10(8) V. shiloi 
      per worm by FISH analysis. However, colony-forming units (cfu) revealed only 
      4.1-18.3 x 10(4) V. shiloi per worm, indicating that approximately 99.9% of them 
      were in the viable-but-not-culturable (VBNC) state. When worms were infected with 
      V. shiloi, most of the bacteria adhered to the worm within 24 h and then 
      penetrated into epidermal cells. By 48 h, less than 10(-4) of the intact V. 
      shiloi in the worm gave rise to colonies, suggesting that they differentiated 
      inside the worm into the VBNC state. When worms infected with V. shiloi were 
      placed in aquaria containing O. patagonica, all of the corals showed small 
      patches of bleached tissue in 7-10 days and total bleaching in 17 days. This is 
      the first report of a reservoir and vector for a coral disease.
FAU - Sussman, Meir
AU  - Sussman M
AD  - Department of Zoology, and Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. 
      Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel 69978.
FAU - Loya, Yossi
AU  - Loya Y
FAU - Fine, Maoz
AU  - Fine M
FAU - Rosenberg, Eugene
AU  - Rosenberg E
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Microbiol
JT  - Environmental microbiology
JID - 100883692
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anthozoa/*microbiology
MH  - Colony Count, Microbial
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Polychaeta/*microbiology/physiology/ultrastructure
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Vibrio/genetics/*physiology
EDAT- 2003/03/29 05:00
MHDA- 2003/09/25 05:00
CRDT- 2003/03/29 05:00
PHST- 2003/03/29 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/09/25 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/03/29 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 424 [pii]
AID - 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00424.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Microbiol. 2003 Apr;5(4):250-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00424.x.