PMID- 12691206
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030924
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0279-1072 (Print)
IS  - 0279-1072 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 2
DP  - 2002 Apr-Jun
TI  - MDMA: a review of epidemiologic data.
PG  - 163-9
AB  - This article reviews recent surveys and reports that provide insight regarding 
      prevalence, frequency, trends, perceptions, and seizures of 
      methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or "Ecstasy." An estimated 6.4 million 
      individuals have used MDMA. Among students in the eighth, 10th, and 12th grades, 
      MDMA use has substantially increased from mid-1990 levels to 2001, with sharp 
      increases noted in 2000 and a more gradual increase in 2001. Exposure to MDMA 
      among high school seniors has increased progressively and nearly quadrupled over 
      the past decade, and a substantial proportion of young adults report having 
      friends who use MDMA. Perceived availability has increased dramatically during 
      the 1990s, with sharp increases in 2000 and again in 2001 among high school 
      seniors. MDMA is now one of the most available drugs for youth. Among college 
      students and young adults, MDMA use has increased progressively and substantially 
      throughout the 1990s, and sharply increased in 2000. MDMA-related emergency 
      department visits increased progressively and dramatically during the 1990s, 
      often or nearly doubling from year to year. Most visits were attributed to 
      patients ages 25 years or younger. The motive for their MDMA use tended to be 
      recreation, and their reasons for the emergency department visit tended to be 
      overdose and unexpected reactions. MDMA-related deaths are rare, but the rate is 
      increasing, as are the number of MDMA-related calls at selected poison control 
      centers. The quantity of MDMA seized by U.S. law enforcement has increased 
      dramatically recently, as have the number of MDMA-related arrests. MDMA use is 
      worldwide, and in certain European countries it is the second most frequently 
      used drug following marijuana.
FAU - Landry, Mim J
AU  - Landry MJ
AD  - Danya International, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910, USA. MLandry@Danya.com
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - J Psychoactive Drugs
JT  - Journal of psychoactive drugs
JID - 8113536
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Humans
MH  - *N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/adverse effects
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*epidemiology/*prevention & control/psychology
RF  - 20
EDAT- 2003/04/15 05:00
MHDA- 2003/09/25 05:00
CRDT- 2003/04/15 05:00
PHST- 2003/04/15 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/09/25 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/04/15 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/02791072.2002.10399950 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Psychoactive Drugs. 2002 Apr-Jun;34(2):163-9. doi: 
      10.1080/02791072.2002.10399950.